Equity Exam Unit 2 Cards:)

Question 1

United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP)?

Answer 1

A UN declaration that protects the rights of Indigenous peoples, including their land, culture, language, and freedom to make their own decisions.

Question 2

Truth and Reconciliation?

Answer 2

Canada’s effort to repair the harms caused by Residential Schools and rebuild relationships with Indigenous peoples.

Question 3

Secular Social Justice Movements?

Answer 3

Movements working for equality without religious influence (ex: environmental activism).

Question 4

Effective Agents of Change?

Answer 4

People who create real change by inspiring and leading others through action.

• Clear Vision: Know the goal and communicate it clearly.
• Patient yet Persistent: Understand that real change takes time.
• Asks Tough Questions: Make others think critically about what’s best.
• Knowledgeable and Leads by Example: Practice what you preach.
• Builds Trust: Earn trust by being honest, fair, and respectful.

Question 5

Environmental Issues?

Answer 5

Problems like climate change, pollution, and deforestation harming the planet.

Question 6

Privatization of Water?

Answer 6

When private companies control water resources, often leading to inequalities.

Question 7

Sources of Pollution?

Answer 7

Factories, cars, farming, and waste that pollute air, water, and land.

Question 8

Challenges Caused by Climate Change?

Answer 8

Natural disasters, rising sea levels, droughts, food shortages.

Question 9

Canada’s Anti-Racism Strategy?

Answer 9

A national plan to identify and fight systemic racism.

Question 10

Canada’s Black Justice Strategy?

Answer 10

A strategy to fix racial injustices against Black Canadians, especially in the justice system.

Question 11

Gap Between Rich and Poor?

Answer 11

Results like poverty, lack of education, poor health, and violence.

Question 12

Consequences of Social Injustice?

Answer 12

Results like poverty, lack of education, poor health, and violence.

Question 13

Post Colonialism?

Answer 13

Studies the lasting impacts of colonization on cultures, politics, and economies; challenges colonial attitudes that still exist today.

Question 14

Residential Schools?

Answer 14

Government and church-run schools in Canada that forced Indigenous children to assimilate, causing deep generational trauma.

Question 15

Cultural Genocide?

Answer 15

Systematic destruction of a group’s culture, traditions, and language without necessarily killing the people.

Question 16

Oka, Quebec (1990)?

Answer 16

Conflict between Mohawk protesters and the Canadian government over land being turned into a golf course.

Question 17

60’s Scoop?

Answer 17

Government policy from the 1960s-80s where Indigenous children were taken from families and adopted into white families, losing their culture.

Question 18

Head Tax?

Answer 18

A racist fee charged to Chinese immigrants in Canada (late 1800s–early 1900s) meant to discourage immigration.

Question 19

Media Campaigns?

Answer 19

Planned use of media (ads, posts, articles) to create awareness or push for social change.

Question 20

Boycotting?

Answer 20

Refusing to buy a product or use a service to pressure companies/governments to change.

Question 21

Buycotting?

Answer 21

Choosing to support companies that are ethical, sustainable, or socially responsible.

Question 22

Fairtrade?

Answer 22

Certification ensuring that farmers and workers, especially in developing countries, are paid fairly and work under good conditions.

Question 23

Anti-Asian Racism?

Answer 23

Prejudice, violence, or discrimination targeting Asians and Asian communities.

Question 24

Free Trade Agreements?

Answer 24

Deals between countries to lower taxes on imports/exports; good for business but can hurt workers’ rights.

Question 25

Microloans and Microcredit?

Answer 25

Very small loans given to people in poor regions to help them start small businesses and escape poverty.

Question 26

NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations)?

Answer 26

Non-profit groups (like Amnesty International) that work to improve human rights, environment, health, etc.

Question 27

Maquiladoras?

Answer 27

Factories in Mexico, near the U.S. border, where goods are made cheaply for export; low wages and poor working conditions for workers.

Question 28

The World Bank?

Answer 28

An international organization that gives loans and advice to countries to help reduce poverty and build economics.

Question 29

Racial Profiling?

Answer 29

When police or others unfairly target people based on their race rather than their actions.

Question 30

Anti-Semitism?

Answer 30

Hatred or discrimination against Jewish people based on religion or ethnicity.

Question 31

Sexism?

Answer 31

Unfair treatment or discrimination based on a person’s sex or gender, often against women and gender-diverse people.

Question 32

Eugenics?

Answer 32

A harmful belief that certain people should be “bred” to improve the human race, often used to justify racism, ableism, and forced sterilization.

Question 33

Sterilization?

Answer 33

A medical procedure that permanently prevents someone from having children. In history, it was sometimes forced on marginalized groups as part of eugenics programs.

Question 34

Ableism?

Answer 34

Discrimination or unfair treatment against people with disabilities. It includes beliefs, actions, or systems that see disabled people as less capable or less valuable.

Question 35

Innu Nation?

Answer 35

An Indigenous people in Labrador and northeastern Quebec. They have their own language (Innu-aimun), culture, and traditions, and continue to fight for land and cultural rights.

Question 36

Lubicon Cree?

Answer 36

A Cree First Nation in northern Alberta that has faced long-standing struggles over land rights and lack of government recognition, especially due to oil development on their land.

Question 37

Mohawk?

Answer 37

One of the Six Nations in the Haudenosaunee Confederacy (also called the Iroquois Confederacy). Known for strong activism, especially around land and sovereignty.

Question 38

Locono People?

Answer 38

Also known as Arawak, they are Indigenous people originally from the Caribbean and parts of South America. Some descendants live in Canada today, maintaining their cultural identity.

Question 39

Basque People?

Answer 39

An ethnic group from a region between Spain and France with a unique language and culture. Some Basque people migrated to Canada and have preserved their heritage.

Question 40

Black Canadians?

Answer 40

Canadians of African descent, many of whom have roots in the Caribbean, Africa, or through generations in Canada. They’ve faced systemic racism and continue to lead in justice movements.

Question 41

Chinese Canadians?

Answer 41

One of Canada’s largest and oldest immigrant communities. Faced racism in history (e.g., Head Tax, Chinese Exclusion Act) but have contributed greatly to Canadian society.

Question 42

Japanese Canadians?

Answer 42

Experienced forced internment during WWII. Today, Japanese Canadians work to preserve their culture and raise awareness about past injustices.

Question 43

Indian & Pakistani Canadians?

Answer 43

Immigrants and descendants from India and Pakistan who bring rich cultural, religious, and linguistic traditions, while also facing issues like racism and Islamophobia or xenophobia.

Question 44

Two-Spirit LGBTQIA+ Canadians?

Answer 44

Two-spirit is a modern umbrella term used by Indigenous peoples in North America to describe Indigenous identity combining masculine and feminine spirits; respected in many traditional cultures. - Used by some to describe Native people who fulfill a traditional third-gender (or other gender-variant) social role in their communities.

Question 45

People with Different Abilities?

Answer 45

Individuals with physical, mental, sensory, or intellectual disabilities. This group advocates for accessibility, inclusion, and equal rights in society.

Question 46

Jewish Canadians?

Answer 46

Members of Canada’s Jewish community, who practice Judaism and maintain strong cultural traditions. Have experienced antisemitism but continue to contribute in many areas of Canadian life.

Question 47

Muslim Canadians?

Answer 47

Canadians who practice Islam. This diverse group comes from many cultural backgrounds and often faces Islamophobia, while working to promote understanding and justice.

Question 48

Religious Social Justice Leader

Answer 48

- Martin Luther King Jr. – A Christian pastor who led the U.S. civil rights movement using nonviolence. He fought against racism and believed in justice, peace, and equality for all. - Desmond Tutu – A South African Anglican bishop who opposed apartheid and promoted forgiveness, human rights, and racial equality through his faith. - Malala Yousafzai – A Muslim activist who stood up for girls’ right to education in Pakistan. Her faith supports her belief in peace, education, and justice.

Question 49

Francis Pegahmagabow?

Answer 49

Ojibwe WWI war hero and Indigenous rights advocate; one of Canada’s most honorable Indigenous soldiers.

Question 50

David Suzuki?

Answer 50

Environmental scientist, TV host of The Nature of Things, and activist for climate action.

Question 51

Viola Desmond?

Answer 51

Black Canadian woman who challenged racial segregation; featured on Canada’s $10 bill.

Question 52

John Humphrey?

Answer 52

Canadian lawyer who wrote the first draft of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Question 53

Naomi Klein/Maude Barlow?

Answer 53

Environmental and water rights activists; fought against corporate control of natural resources.

Question 54

Irshad Manji?

Answer 54

Canadian Muslim reformer promoting open conversations about faith, identity, and freedom.

Question 55

Rick Hansen?

Answer 55

“Man in Motion,” traveled worldwide by wheelchair to raise awareness for people with disabilities.

Question 56

Dudley Laws?

Answer 56

Black rights activist: protested police brutality and helped push for independent investigations into police conduct.

Question 57

Thelma Chalifoux?

Answer 57

First Métis woman senator; fought for Indigenous women’s rights, housing, and culture.

Question 58

Ryan Hreljac?

Answer 58

Founded Ryan’s Well Foundation as a child to bring clean water to poor communities.

Question 59

Dr. Lee Airton?

Answer 59

Advocate for inclusive education and gender-neutral language in Canada.

Question 60

Tommy Douglas?

Answer 60

Saskatchewan premier who introduced universal healthcare (everyone gets basic medical care, like doctor visits and hospital stays, paid for by taxes, not out of pocket) to Canada.

Question 61

Chafika Eddine?

Answer 61

Humanitarian advocate focused on children’s education, health, and sustainability in Latin America (like Peru, Bolivia, Panama).

Question 62

Aditya Jha?

Answer 62

Entrepreneur and philanthropist promoting education and entrepreneurship among disadvantaged (because of poverty, racism, or other barriers) and Indigenous communities. - He is a businessman who gives out money, scholarships, and support to help others.