ERGONOMICS/BODY MECHANICS

Question 1

use of muscles to maintain posture, body alignment, and balance

Answer 1

body mechanics

Question 2

design of work tasks to best suit capabilities of workers

Answer 2

ergonomics

Question 3

True or false? wider base = greater stability

Answer 3

true

Question 4

true or false? lower center of gravity = greater stability

Answer 4

true

Question 5

facing the direction of movement prevents abnormal twisting of the ___

Answer 5

spine

Question 6

equilibrium of an object is maintained as long as ___

Answer 6

line of gravity passes through base of support

Question 7

dividing balanced activity between arms and legs reduces the risk of

Answer 7

back injury

Question 8

what are the most prevalent and debilitating occupational health hazards among nurses?

Answer 8

musculoskeletal disorders

Question 9

true or false? the safest way to lift is with assistive equipment

Answer 9

true

Question 10

semi-fowler’s position

Answer 10

HOB elevated between 15-45 degrees

Question 11

semi-fowler’s safety benefits

Answer 11

prevents aspiration, promotes lung expansion

Question 12

fowler’s positon

Answer 12

HOB at 45-60 degrees

Question 13

fowler’s position safety uses

Answer 13

useful during procedures, allows for better chest expansion and dependent drainage after abdominal surgeries

Question 14

High-Fowler’s

Answer 14

patient supine w/ HOB at 60-90 degrees

Question 15

high fowler’s safety benefits

Answer 15

promotes lung expansion, prevents aspiration

Question 16

supine or dorsal recumbent

Answer 16

patient on back , head and shoulders elevated, pillow under feet for support

Question 17

why might a patient benefit from prone position?

Answer 17

promotion of drainage from mouth, prevents hip contractures post lower extremity amputation

Question 18

benefits of side lying

Answer 18

pressure ulcer prevention

Question 19

difference between side (lateral) lying and sim’s/semi-prone positon

Answer 19

differs in distribution of weight. sims’ positon = legs spread out while lying on side. how a lot of people naturally sleep at night

Question 20

orthpenic positon

Answer 20

patient sits in bed or on bedside w/ pillow on the over-bed table across lap.

Question 21

orthopenic position benefits

Answer 21

allows for chest expansion. often used for people w/ COPD

Question 22

Trendelenburg position

Answer 22

entire bed tilted w/ HOB lower than foot of bed

Question 23

Trendelenburg position benefits

Answer 23

facilitation of postural drainage and venous return

Question 24

Reverse Trendelenburg

Answer 24

Entire bed is tilted with the foot of the bed lower than the
head of the bed

Question 25

Reverse Trendelenburg benefits

Answer 25

promotes gastric emptying

Question 26

Modified Trendelenburg

Answer 26

Client remains flat with the legs above the level of their heart

Question 27

modified trendelenburg benefits

Answer 27

helps prevent and treat hypovolemia and facilitates venous return

Question 28

helps maintain joint mobility and muscle strength for clients who are unable to ambulate or exercise

Answer 28

ROM (Range of motion)

Question 29

Passive ROM

Answer 29

—nurse/PT are moving the joint for the patient

Question 30

Active ROM

Answer 30

performed by the patient with the nurse/PT supervising

Question 31

Is it ok to force a joint to move when performing ROM?

Answer 31

slight resistance is ok but it should not hurt

Question 32

ROM should be smooth, ____, and _____

Answer 32

symmetrical, sequential

Question 33

should you cradle a joint to support it during ROM?

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

why do we perform ROM, and how often?

Answer 34

maintains joint mobility and muscle strength for clients who are unable to ambulate or exercise. usually performed 1-2 times a day but is up to the provider to

Question 35

3 questions to consider when deciding safest method to transfer patient

Answer 35

Can they bear weight? Can they assist? Are they cooperative?

Question 36

How to support a patient falling or fainting

Answer 36

Assume wide base of support with one foot in front of the other, supporting the patient’s body weight  Extend one leg, let the patient slide against the leg, and gently lower the patient to the floor, protecting the head  When patient attempts ambulation again, proceed more slowly, monitor for dizziness and take blood pressure before, during and after ambulation