Erythrocytes Flashcards
(52 cards)
Name 3 causes of icteric plasma
- Fasting bilirubinemia in horses and cattle
- Prehepatic issue- increased hemolysis of rbc, bilirubin levels rising. Low HCT. INCREASED HEMOLYSIS + BILIRUBINEMIA
- Hepatic issue - liver disease - liver not picking up unconjugated bilirubin. Normal HCT. INCREASE IN LIVER VALUES + BILURUBINEMIA
2 causes of hemolyzed plasma
- Intravascular hemolysis (true hemoglobinemia)
2. Secondary to sample collection (fragile cells, rough handling, lipemia, long storage time)
How do you calculate reticulocyte concentration
Number of retics/1000×100
What are reticulocytes made out of
Precipitation of ribosomal RNA and proteins
Where does maturation begin and where is it completed for erythrocytes
cats dogs and pigs maturation begins in the bone marrow and it is completed in the peripheral blood and the spleen
What is the normal reticulocyte percentage
0-1.5%
How do you calculate corrected/absolute reticulocyte count in cases of anemia using a hematocrit and red blood cell count
Corrected HCT = (HCT/mean normal HCT for species) x raw retic count in percent
Absolute Retic Count using RBC = RBC count per microliter x raw retic count (fraction)
What is reference retic concentration for dogs and cats, cows, and horses
0 to 60,000 cells per microliters
Cows/Horses 0
What are those reference ranges for a
non-regenerative anemia two very poor regeneration
non-regenerative too poorly regenerative anemia
regenerative anemia to mild or moderate output
Maximo regenerative response
Non to very poor regen 0 to 10,000 cells per microliter
nine region too poorly region 10,000 to 60,000 cells per microliter region anemia to mild or moderate output 60,000 to 200,000 cells per microliter
maximal regenerative response 200,000 to 500,000 cells per microliter
Where does hematopoiesis occur in: domestic animals birds reptiles amphibians and fish
Domestic animals in the bone marrow and lymphoid organs
birds bone marrow
reptiles bone marrow and sometimes spleen
amphibians = kidney liver spleen bone marrow
fish = kidney and spleen
Define and Name 3 causes of lipemic blood
Excessive lipids. Presence of chylomicrons amd very low density proteins
- Postprandial
- Diseases - endocrinopathies (diabetes mellitis, hypothyroid, hyperadrenocorticism), PLN (protein losing nephropathy), obesity, cholestasis, starvation
- Hereditary
- idiopathic hyperlipidemia in Schnauzers
- lipoprotein lipase deficiency in cats
What is the average RBC lifespan?
3-5mo
what are the phases of stem cell differentiation?
stem cell - progenitor cells - precursor cells (blasts) - mature cells
What stage of erythropoiesis has no visible nucleolus
Prorubricyte
What stage of erythropoiesis is the most mature stage in which mitosis can still occur
Rubricyte
What stages of erythropoiesis is the most mature stage containing a nucleus
Metarubricyte
What are the phases of erythropoiesis
Rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte, retic
What is the average red blood cell lifespan in the dog cat horse and cattle
Dog 100 cat 70 horse 150 cattle 150
Describe some characteristics of avian reptile Camelid and horse blood smears
Avians and reptiles have nucleated red blood cells they’re ovals the ends of the avian red blood cells are a little bit more pointed then reptiles
llamas have elliptical red blood cells and they don’t have much central pallor
horses their red blood cells are likely to be shaped irregularly and lack Central pallor
Define hematocrit
Percentage of blood volume filled by erythrocytes
What is Hgb
Blood hemoglobin content
it’s the grams of hemoglobin per deciliter of blood (which is 100 ml)
Most direct measure of 02 carrying capacity
What is the equation for mean cell volume
(PCV ÷ RBC) × 10
Femtoliters 10 exponent -15
Femto is one Quandrillionth
What is MCH
Mean cell hemoglobin
it’s the quantity of hemoglobin per average erythrocyte expressed in picograms the equation is
(Hgb ÷ rbc) ×10
What is MCHC
Mean cell hemoglobin concentration
(Hgb ÷ HCT) ×100
it’s cellular hemoglobin concentration per average interest site expressed as grams per deciliter
