Esame sloveno 19/01/2023

Question 1

Hemochromatosis, most frequently affected organs are: (2)
- the heart
- the liver
- the lungs
- kidneys

Answer 1

• the heart
• the liver

Question 2

Late hemolytic reaction after transfusion:
Hb drops

Answer 2

Hb drops

Question 3

Problem with asplenia:
higher risk of infections

Answer 3

higher risk of infections

Question 4

Anemia of chronic inflammation:
- normal or lower MCV, serum iron decreased

Answer 4

• normal or lower MCV, serum iron decreased

Question 5

Proteinogram with monoclonal gamma spike:
disseminated plasmacyte

Answer 5

disseminated plasmacyte

Question 6

CLL stage A asymptomatic:
you watch and wait

Answer 6

you watch and wait

Question 7

APL:
it is treated differently from other ALs

Question 8

In plasmacytoma, it most often causes hyperviscosity: IgM/IgA/IgG

Question 9

Hemolytic anemias: delas Coombs test

Answer 9

delas Coombs test

Question 10

Thrombocytosis in: essential thrombocythaemia, chronic inflammation and Fe deficiency,
but not in cirrhosis of the liver - there is thrombocytopenia

Answer 10

essential thrombocythaemia, chronic inflammation and Fe deficiency,

Question 11

Difference between folate deficiency anaemia and B12 deficiency anaemia:

Answer 11

no neurological effects with folate

Question 12

Myeloftistic anaemia:

Answer 12

bone marrow filled with malignant or other cells

Question 13

What a positive direct Coombs tells us:

Answer 13

that the antibodies are bound to erythrocytes

Question 14

What we check with the cross-test: if there are any clinically significant erythrocyte
antibodies

Question 15

Think of essential thrombocytosis with: elevated platelet count, elevated leucocytes, splenomegaly

• one prou or combinations available

Question 16

Select the correct one regarding polycythemia rubra veri:
EPO is not elevated

Answer 16

EPO is not elevated
(is reduced)

Question 17

Select wrong statement polycythemia rubra vera EPO is elevated

Answer 17

EPO is elevated

Question 18

Essential thrombocytosis with a low risk of thrombosis is treated with: venepunctures
to maintain haematocrit below 0.45

Answer 18

maintain haematocrit below 0.45

Question 19

MGUS: less than 10% plasmacytes

Answer 19

less than 10% plasmacytes

Question 20

Plasmacytoma patient, vomiting, ice failure (?), hyperCa, what do you do?
hydration;
diuretic possible; corticosteroids;
nothing;

Answer 20

hydration;

Question 21

Primary thrombocytopenia, where antibodies are produced and platelets are lost.

Answer 21

where antibodies are produced and platelets are lost.

Question 22

Nodular sclerosis: old (most common + lymph nodes of the neck and mediastinum
combination)

Question 23

Lymph nodes in lymphomas are: elastic, movable, painless (possibly still hard,
non-movable, painless, but some with pain)

Question 24

Description of a patient with a clinical picture of haemolytic anaemia, with no problems other than weakness, how
what do you do: do Coombs tests, give medrol (all the other options were to give
You didn’t give a transfusion here because he had an Hb of 85 and lots of reticulocytes.

Question 25

Haemophilia A: shown by aPTC

Question 26

Coagulation inhibitor: protein C

Answer 26

protein C

Question 27

When to give transfusions:
Hb 70-80 g/l
Hb 80-90 g/l
Hb 95-110 g/l

Answer 27

Hb 70-80 g/l

Question 28

What are B symptoms: fever

Answer 28

fever

Question 29

Where iron is stored: ferritin

Answer 29

ferritin

Question 30

How to distinguish the cause of anaemia: reticulocytes

Answer 30

reticulocytes

Question 31

Where there is no pancytopenia: pure aplastic anaemia

Answer 31

pure aplastic anaemia

Question 32

Life span of erythrocytes in the blood: 100-120 days

Answer 32

100-120 days

Question 33

What vitamin is needed in haemostasis:

Answer 33

vit. K

Question 34

Bone marrow biopsy site

Answer 34

The bone marrow biopsy is typically performed in the posterior iliac crest, which is the back part of the pelvic bone

Question 35

What is absent in tumour lysis syndrome?:
hyperkalaemia,
hyperuricaemia,
hyperphosphataemia,
hypercalcaemia

Answer 35

hypercalcaemia

Question 36

Description of a younger patient, Reed-Sternberg giant cell visible under microscope:
- Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- NHL

Answer 36

• Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 37

CRAB criteria for plasmacytoma; what does not fall under them?
anaemia,
hypercalcemia,
leukocytosis,
osteolytic lesions

Answer 37

leukocytosis