Esophageal Pathology Flashcards
CS of esophageal presentation
Regurgitation v. vomiting
Aspiration pneumonia
Hypersalivation
Difficulty swallowing
Megaesophagus (esophageal ectasia)
Dilation of the esophagus
Etiologies of megaesophagus
Denervation disorders
Partial physical obstructions
Secondary stenosis
Inflammatory diseases of esophageal musculature
Persistence of the right aortic arch
Idiopathic (MG)
Congenital esophagus
Partial blockage of the lumen of the esophagus
Esophagus cranial to the heart
Persistent right 4th aortic arch
Persistent right 4th aortic arch
A vascular ring forms around the esophagus and trachea
The ring formed by the aorta, pulmonary artery and ductus arteriosus
Breeds prone to congenital megaesophagus
German shepherds
Irish Setters
Greyhounds
Idiopathic denervation
Lack of functional innervation (nerve supply)
Atrophy of laryngeal muscles
Common in Siamese cats
Myasthenia gravis
Between 4-9 weeks of age
Abs destroys the ACh receptors, stopping the muscle from contracting
Acquired megaesophagus results in dilation cranial to the __________________
Stomach
Increased risk of acquired megaesophagus in which dog breeds?
German shepherds, golden retrievers, and irish setters
Clinical presentation of acquired megaesophagus
Regurgitation after ingestion of solid food (recognized @ weaning)
Thin
Aspiration pneumonia
Dilation diffuse to locally extensive
Putrid ingesta found in dilated portions
Lesions of acquired megaesophagus
Degenerate nerve fibers (vagus nerve ganglion)
Degeneration, necrosis, loss of muscle with replacement fibrosis
Spirocera lupi
Nematoda parasite in dogs
Intermediate hosts: dung beetle and cockroaches
CS of spirocerca lupi
Dysphagia
Aortic aneurysms
Hemothorax
Fibrosarcomas or osterosarcomas
Aortic granulomas > ventral spondylosis deformans
Causes of esophageal erosions and ulcers
Reflux of stomach acid
Improper use of stomach tubes
Foreign bodies (bones in dogs)
