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Oral Pathology Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Cheiloschisis (harelip/ primary cleft palate)

A

Anomalies of the upper lip and premaxilla
Incomplete fusion of the frontonasal process with maxillary processes

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2
Q

Secondary problem subsequent to cheiloschisis

A

Inability to nourish/ latch onto mothers nipple → hand feeding

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3
Q

Palatoschisis (secondary cleft palate)

A

Failure of the frontonasal process and lateral palatine shelves from the maxillary processes

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4
Q

CS of palatoschisis

A

Difficulty suckling
Nasal regurgitation and aspiration pneumonia (food in nasal cavity)
Middle ear dysfunction

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5
Q

Brachygnathia superior/ mandibular prognathia

A

Shortness of maxillae
Interferes with prehension and mastication
Malposition of incisor and cheek teeth

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6
Q

Brachygnathia inferior

A

Shortness of mandible
Breed characteristics of long nose dogs

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7
Q

______________ is a common name for Brachygnathia inferior in horses

A

Parrot mouth

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8
Q

Stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth (general term)

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9
Q

Cheilitis

A

Inflammation of the lips

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10
Q

Glossitis

A

Inflammation of the tongue

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11
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gums

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12
Q

Pharyngitis

A

Inflammation of the pharynx

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13
Q

Tonsillitis

A

Inflammation of the tonsils

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14
Q

Sialoadenitis

A

Inflammation of the salivary glands

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15
Q

Vesicular stomatitides

A

Vesicle formation in the mouth
Rule out autoimmune diseases in dogs and cats, calicivirus infection in cats and major viral diseases in large animals

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16
Q

Vesicle

A

Fluid filled raised lesion 1 cm or less across

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17
Q

Bulla

A

Fluid filled raised lesion greater than 1 cm

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18
Q

Pathogenesis of vesicular stomatitides

A

Epithelial damage (viral) → intracellular edema (ballooning degeneration) → cell lysis → vesicle/ bulla → rupture → erosions/ ulcers → cellular infiltration → scab/ granulation tissue

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19
Q

Pemphigus

A

Mechanism for blister formation
Caused by IgG autoantibodies against desmogleins
Abs disrupt the adhesive function of the desmosomes and activate intercellular proteases

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20
Q

Foot and mouth disease

A

Picornavirus
Positive in ruminants and pigs

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21
Q

Vesicular stomatitis

A

Rhabdovirus
Positive in ruminants*, pigs and horses

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22
Q

Vesicular exanthema of swine

A

Calicivirus (vesivirus)
Positive in pigs

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23
Q

Swine vesicular disease

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A

Enterovirus
Positive in pigs

24
Q

Erosion

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A

Discontinuity of a body surface due to partial loss of surface epithelium

25
Ulcer
Full-thickness epithelial loss revealing the underlying BM/ CT
26
Pathogenesis of erosive and ulcerative stomatitides
Epithelial necrosis and inflammation without vesiculation In squamous epithelium of mouth (may extend to esophagus and forestomachs)
27
Diseases associated with erosive and ulcerative stomatitides (MRPIBBUF)
Malignant Catarrhal Fever (herpes) Rinderpest (morbillivirus) Peste des petits ruminants (morbillivirus) Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (herpes) Bluetongue (mosquitos/ orbivirus) Bovine Viral Diarrhea (pestivirus) Foot & Mouth disease, feline calicivirus and felid herpresvirus 1 Uremia, foreign bodies, feline eosinophilic granuloma complex, NSAIDs, vitamin C
28
Eosinophilic Stomatitides
Oral eosinophilic granuloma/ ulcer Cats, rarely young dogs (husky)
29
Effects of Eosinophilic Stomatitides
Upper lip, gums, palate, tongue, pharynx Many eosinophils, flame figures, chronic inflamm cells Immune-mediated
30
Lymphoplasmacytic stomatitis
Idiopathic, immune mediated in cats Bacteria or calicivirus (FCV) in FIV/ FeLV infected cats
31
Chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis (CUPS)
Ulcerative stomatitis and lymphocytic-plasmacytic stomatitis Assoc. with dental plaque Older dogs (leading to kissing lesions)
32
Characteristics of oral growths
Common in dogs and cats Discrete mas, ulcerated, dysphagia, ptyalism, halitosis, facial swelling
33
Gingival hyperplasia
Simple overgrowth of gum tissue (benign) Common in adult brachycephalic dogs Diff: squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, epulis
34
Epulis
Gingival growth (benign) Neoplasia of the periodontal ligament
35
One form of epulis, _____________, is considered locally invasive
Acanthomatous ameloblastoma *invades bone, destructive*
36
Papilloma
Papovavirus-induced benign tumor Young dogs, calves and foals May regress spontaneously
37
Bovine Papillomavirus
Infects traumatized mucosal epithelial cells and induces epithelial cell proliferation
38
Squamous cell carcinoma
Most common oral tumor in cats Locally invasive nodular mass, ulcerated Poor prognosis in cats or if tonsillar in dogs
39
Malignant Melanoma
Most common malignant oral tumor in dogs Risk factors: small breeds, oral pigmentation Poor prognosis
40
Pseudoanodontia
Failure to erupt (lhasa apso and shih tzu dog)
41
Polydontia
Excessive teeth (brachycephalic dog's incisors)
42
Pseudopolydontia
Retention of deciduous teeth after eruption of permanent dentition
43
Heterotopic polydontia
Extra tooth or teeth outside the dental arcades (ear tooth of horse)- guttural pouch
44
Enamel hypoplasia
Amelogenesis imperfecta Caused by tetracyclines and viral infections (distemper and bovine viral diarrhea disease)
45
Tetracyclines (in utero) causing enamel hypoplasia
High dose treatment of pregnant dams Yellow to brown discoloration of teeth Bright yellow fluorescence Toxic to ameloblasts
46
Dental attrition
Age associated dental wear Loss of tooth structure caused by mastication Improper mastication of feedstuffs and malnutrition
47
Lesions caused by dental attrition
"step mouth" or "broken mouth" Dental infection and fracture
48
What causes sialoadenitis?
Trauma/ hematogenous or excretory duct Rabies, K9 distemper *lymphocytes surrounding glands*
49
Ptyalism
↑ secretion of saliva Pseudorabies caused by herpesvirus (trans from pigs to dogs)
50
Salivary foreign bodies
Caused by plant awns/ fiber Inflammation or infection of the parotid duct Salivary caliculi (sialoliths, horses, obstruction)
51
Salivary Mucocele/ Siaocele
An accumulation of salivary secretion Single or multiloculated cavities Not lined by secretory epithelium (psuedocyst) In soft tissues of the mouth or neck Trauma to the duct
52
Ranula
Sublingual Sialocele Smooth, rounded, fluctuant cystic distension of the duct in the floor of the mouth Filled with serous fluid/ thick mucous
53
What causes ranula?
Congenital atresia Foreign boidies Calculi Strictures caused by inflammation
54
CS of ranula
Salivary duct dilation Stagnation of flow/ obstruction
55
Neoplasms of the salivary glands
Rare in all species Parotid and mandibular common Malignant and epithelial origin (adenocarcinoma)

.pathology (20 decks)

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