Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Histology - Junqueira's > Esophagus To Stomach > Flashcards

Esophagus To Stomach Flashcards

(52 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

4 layers of the GIT histology (innermost facing lumen to outermost)

A

(1) mucosa
(2) submucosa
(3) tunica muscularis/ muscularis externa
(4) serosa/ adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Submucosa tissue type

A

Dense irregular connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What layer can blood vessels be found?

A

Submucosa - connective tissue layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 layers of the tunica muscularis or muscularis externa (inner to outer)

A

(1) circular layer
(2) longitudinal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Serosa tissue composition

A
  • serous membrane - simple squamous epithelium
  • mesothelium
  • small amount of underlying CT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

3 layers of the mucosa

A

(1) lining epithelium
(2) lamina propria
(3) muscularis mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lamina propria tissue type

A

Loose areolar connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Muscularis mucosa composition

A

Smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 Functions of the Epithelial lining

A
  1. Protection
  2. Absorption
  3. Secretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Esophagus epithelium

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What structure is found in the submucosa that is not found in the lamina propria

A

Submucosal plexus or Meissner’s plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Group of Nerves contained at the muscularis externa - between its 2 layers

A

Myenteric plexus or Auerbach’s plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Disease described as the absence of the Myenteric plexus in segments of the alimentary tract

A

Hirschsprung’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sphincters in the GIT

A
  1. Pharyngoesophageal
  2. Inferior esophageal sphincter - gastro
    esophageal sphincter
  3. Pyloric sphincter
  4. Ileocecal valve
  5. Internal anal sphincter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Serosa vs. Adventitia

A

Organ outside the peritoneal cavity or attached to the abdominal cavity wall it is Adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Length of the esophagus

A

25 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Muscularis externa of the esophagus

A

Proximal 3rd: skeletal muscle
Middle 3rd: both
Distal 3rd: smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which part of the esophagus is covered by serosa

A

Distal 1-2cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Most dilated portion in the GIT where food would stay the longest

A

Stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Muscularis externa layers of the stomach

A

Inner oblique, middle circular, outer longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Maximal sites of acid production in the stomach; max mucous production sites

Study These Flashcards
A

Acid - fundus & body
Mucous - cardia & pylorus

22
Q

Stomach Epithelial lining

Study These Flashcards
A

Simple columnar

23
Q

Gastric gland morphology

Study These Flashcards
A

Simple branched tubular glands

24
Q

Function:
(1) Inner circular layer
(2) Outer longitudinal layer

(3) Muscularis mucosa

Study These Flashcards
A

(1) churning and food mixing - digestion
(2) peristalsis

(3) increase absorption

25
True/False Esophagus is exposed to friction, and functions for absorption and secretions.
False Esophagus is exposed to friction; NO absorption and excretions - except for mucous secretions to aid in lubrication when swallowing
26
Tissue layer that surrounds organs and functions to protect internal structures ex. pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, mesentery, etc.
mesothelium - simple squamous
27
GIT structures covered with adventitia
1. proximal part of the esophagus 2. 2nd - 4th part of the duodenum 3. ascending colon 4. descending colon
28
GIT structures covered with serosa
1. distal 1-2 cm of the esophagus 2. stomach 3. 1st part of the duodenum, jejunum, & ileum 4. transverse colon
29
Cells found in the fundus and body of the stomach
*parietal cells *chief cells
30
Invagination of the lining epithelium towards the submucosa in the stomach
Gastric pits/ Foveolae
31
Surface mucous cells contain (1) and secrete (2)
(1) mucinogen granules (2) mucous
32
Area in between the gastric pit and the gastric gland
Isthmus
33
Submucosal glands in the stomach
Gastric glands
34
Parietal cell location and characteristics
* at neck and base of gastric glands; between mucous neck cells * Triangular * red color * contains cannaliculi (small canals), abundant mitochondria
35
Parietal cell secretion
*Hydrochloric acid (HCl) via hydrogen potassium ATPase Pump *Intrinsic factor
36
Serve as reservoir of plasma membrane with proton pumps (H-K ATPase pump) in parietal cells
Tubulovesicular membrane system
37
T/F Parietal cells have microvilli
True
38
Cells present at the base of the gastric glands
1. parietal cells 2. enterochromaffin like cells 3. chief cells 4. D cells 5. G cells
39
Chief cells (basophilic or acidophilic)
Basophilic
40
Present in the submucosa of the esophagus
(1) esophageal glands (2) Meissner’s plexus
41
Gastric pits to Gastric glands parts
(1) surface (2) isthmus (3) neck (4) base
42
Cells at the gastric pits
Surface mucous cells
43
Simple columnar cells secrete
(1) bicarbonate (2) prostaglandin E2 - enhances bicarbonate
44
Misoprostol drug
Prostaglandin drug - enhance bicarbs to treat ulcer and high acidity Also has receptor for uterine muscle - misused for abortion
45
Cells abundant in the isthmus
Stem cells
46
Longitudinal folds of the stomach composed of mucosa and submucosa
Rugae
47
Deep pits that open to relatively straight glands - mostly mucous cells
pyloric glands
48
Microscopy: what part of the stomach? Shallow gastric pits, long gastric glands w/ mucous cells - lightly staining
Cardia
49
Microscopy: what part of the stomach? Deep gastric pits, short gastric glands w/ mucous cells - lightly staining
Pylorus
50
Microscopy: what part of the stomach? w/ numerous acidophilic parietal cells
Fundus or Body
51
Cells of the Gastric pit - gland and their secretions
GASTRIC PIT (1) surface mucous cells: mucous, bicarbonate, prostaglandin E2 ISTHMUS (1) stem cells NECK (1) parietal cells: HCl and intrinsic factor (2) mucous neck cells: mucous BASE (1) Enterochromaffin-like cells: histamine (2) chief cells: pepsinogen (3) G cells: Gastrin (4) D cells: somatostatin
52
Esophagus Histology Summary

Histology - Junqueira's (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions