Small Intestine to Anus

Question 1

Small intestine mucosa

Answer 1

simple columnar epithelium - with microvilli

Question 2

Number of microvilli per enterocyte increasing absorptive function by 20-fold

Answer 2

3000

Question 3

Small intestine villi is composed of

Answer 3

Lining epithelium + lamina propria

Question 4

Small intestine plicae circulares is composed of

Answer 4

mucosa + submucosa

Question 5

(1) Absorptive cells of the small intestine
(2) Mucous-secreting cells of the small intestine

Answer 5

(1) Enterocytes
(2) Goblet cells

Question 6

Cypts of Lieberkuhn morphology

Answer 6

Simple tubular gland

Question 7

Cells of the crypt of lieberkuhn

Answer 7

• enterocytes
• goblet cells
• paneth cells
• microfold cells
• enteroendocrine cells

enteroendocrine cells are scattered along the crypts and secrete specific hormones for digestion

Question 8

Paneth Cell secretions

Answer 8

*phospholipase
*defensins
*lysozymes

Question 9

Present in the lamina propria of small intestine

Answer 9

Lacteals

Question 10

Specialized submucosal structure of duodenum

Answer 10

Brunner’s/Duodenal gland

Question 11

Specialized submucosal structure of ileum

Answer 11

Peyer’s patches

can also be found in the lamina propria

Question 12

Specialized submucosal structure of jejunum

Answer 12

None

Question 13

Microfold cells

Answer 13

antigen presenting cells

Question 14

Taenia coli in the large intestine is formed by

Answer 14

narrowed thickenings of the outer longitudinal muscle layer

Question 15

(Present/Absent)
Villi in the large intestine

Answer 15

Absent

Question 16

(small intestine/large intestine)

More abundant goblet cells

Answer 16

large intestine

Question 17

Absorptive cells in the large intestine

Answer 17

colonocytes

Question 18

(small intestine/large intestine)

Larger and longer crypts of lieberkuhn

Answer 18

large intestine

Question 19

(Present/Absent)
Microvilli in large intestine

Answer 19

Present

Question 20

Length of Appendix

Answer 20

6 to 7cm

Question 21

Distinguishing structure in appendix

Answer 21

Lymphoid nodules

Question 22

(Present/Absent)
Taenia coli in the appendix

Answer 22

Absent

Question 23

(Present/Absent)
Villi in Appendix

Answer 23

Absent

Question 24

Distinguishing factor in Rectum

Answer 24

Transverse rectal folds or Houston’s valves

Histologically, rectal features are similar to large intestinal features

Question 25

3 histological zones of the anal canal

Answer 25

1. colorectal 2. transitional 3. squamous

Question 26

Small intestine equivalent to stomach rugae

Answer 26

Plicae circularis or valves of kerckring

Question 27

Enteroendocrine cells (#3)

Answer 27

(1) s cells - secretin (2) Mo cells - motilin for peristalsis (3) I cells - cholecystokinin

Question 28

Secretin action

Answer 28

Causes pancreas to release bicarbonate to neutralize acidic chyme

Question 29

Causes gallbladder to contract and release bile Is triggered by fat

Answer 29

CCK - cholecystokinin

Question 30

Shortest portion of the small intestine

Answer 30

Duodenum

Question 31

Location of the small intestine's gut-associated lyphoid tissue

Answer 31

Lamina propria ## Footnote has abundant B-cells, plasma cells, & microfold cells where the loose CT of the lamina propria will appear darker than the dense irregular CT of the submucosa

Question 32

Blind ending capillary for the absorption of dietary fat ## Footnote Fat absorbed in the form of chylomicrons

Answer 32

Lacteals

Question 33

(True/False) Similar to the ileum, the appendix has lymphoid nodules at the antimesenteric border | antimesenteric - the border that is not protected by the mesentery

Answer 33

False Lymph nodes in the appendix are dispersed throughout the organ

Question 34

Abundant cells in the Peyer's patches

Answer 34

Microfold cells

Question 35

Conspicous accummulations of adipose or fatty tissues on the external surface of the large intestine

Answer 35

Epiploic/Omental Appendages

Question 36

Large sacculations on the wall of the colon

Answer 36

Haustra

Question 37

What are the secretions of the Brunner's glands? | aka duodenal glands

Answer 37

Alkaline mucous & Bicarbonate | neutralizes acid from incoming chyme