Ethical principles in research Flashcards
(29 cards)
Why is ethics and moral a related concept?
Because it deals with questions of right and wrong but have different meanings.
What is ethics?
refers to a set principle of standards that govern the conduct and behavior of individuals or groups.
Group/ societial and profession
Example: A journalist, professional ethics require you to report the truth
Morals would be considered what ?
as an individual beliefs or principles concerning what is right or wrong.
More individualized/ person principles
Example: you personally believe lying is wrong
What are bioethics ?
A branch of ethics
- established norms of conduct in perfoming research that distinguish between morally acceptable and unacceptable behavior.
- this pertains to patients, decions made in healthcare.
What are the Bioethics in health care?
- inform consent
- End to life care
- Genetic testing
- Organ transplantation
- research ethics
What is inform concent apart of?
Bioethics
What is inform consent?
ensures that individuals have a clear understanding of the procedures, risk, benefits and alternative involved, and they have the autonomy to make decisions about their own healthcare.
Informed consent is?
Voluntary and understanding of situation
Clear communication is necessary
What is nonmaleficence?
- Providers obligation to DO NO HARM
- To reduce risk
- Take precautions
What is an example of Non-maleficence?
Cleaning a room properly, sterilizing instruments, hand scaling all patient not just cavitron.
Beneficence is?
- Duty to promote the well being and welfare
- Exisitng harm is removed
- PROMOTING GOOD
What is an example of beneficence?
Water fluoridation, sealants and reporting abuse.
What is Autonomy?
to govern ones profession and to basically ne self-determined and direct as a profession.
It also emphasizes the right of individuals to make informed decisions about their participation.
What is paternalism?
- when a clinician does what they think is right for the patient according to patients judgement ability.
AKA: The act of overriding or limiting the autonomy of individuals, should not happen in research!
What is Justice?
Providng patients, test subjects or populations with what is owed due, or deserved.
equality.
What is veracity?
Honestly and truthfulness in communication
What is confidentiality ?
keeping information private
Nothing personal is disclosed
Secured access to patient information
What is misconduct?
Fabrication- making up
Falsification- manipulation or altering data
Plagarism
What is conflict of interest?
when an individal or organixation has competing professional or personal interest that could compromise their objectivey, judhgement or decision-making in research.
This can also cause misconduct
What is societal trust?
- Dh upholds the trust and confidence that society places in the dental profession. Act in a manner that maintains and enhances the reputatuon of the dental hygiene profession and demonstrate integrity and ethical behavioe in all professional interactions.
- Confidentiality
What is duty?
An obligation, act that has to be done or ought to be done regardless of consequences.
What is ethical duty?
- Code of professional ethics
- Legal system
- Social traditions and customs
What are the three basic duties ?
Absolute- binding under all circumstances except murder
Prima facie- determined at present situation (recall)
Conditional- commitment after certain criteria are met
What is the “ golden rule”
Do unto others you would have them done to you.
