Ethics 1 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the 3Rs in animal research?
Replace, Reduce, Refine.
Why are the 3Rs important?
They guide ethical use of animals in research to minimise harm and improve welfare.
What is the legal instrument mandating Animal Ethics Committees in QLD?
The Animal Care and Protection Act 2001 (QLD).
What is the main code governing animal research in Australia?
The Australian Code for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes (8th ed., 2013).
Who reviews and approves research involving animals?
An institutional Animal Ethics Committee (AEC).
Who must be included in an AEC?
Veterinarians, scientists, and members of the public.
What are the key functions of the AEC?
Review applications, monitor animal care, respond to adverse events, and ensure compliance.
What are institutional obligations in animal research?
Ensure AEC oversight, maintain animal welfare standards, and enforce the 3Rs.
What are the scientific investigator’s obligations?
Apply the 3Rs, seek AEC approval, maintain records, and comply with legal standards.
What are the Five Freedoms in animal welfare?
Freedom from hunger/thirst, discomfort, pain/disease, express normal behaviour, fear/distress.
What are limitations of the Five Freedoms model?
It focuses on avoiding negative states and lacks emphasis on positive experiences.
What does the Five Domains model address that the Five Freedoms doesn’t?
It incorporates affective states, including both negative and positive mental experiences.
What is an ‘affective state’ in animals?
The internal emotional condition, such as fear, contentment, or anxiety.
How can affective states in animals be measured?
Through physiological markers (e.g., heart rate) and behavioural indicators.
Why is welfare assessment complex in research animals?
Because it’s difficult to distinguish between stress responses and natural behaviours.
What is an example of a positive affective state in animals?
Comfort, interest, pleasure, and a sense of control.
