Ethics Flashcards
(14 cards)
Definition: informed consent
Informed consent knowing enough about the study to decide whether you agree to participate.
Definition - Right to withdraw
Participants should know that they can remove themselves and their data from the study at any time. ( before, during or after the experiment)
Definition -Privacy
participant’s emotions and physical space should not be invaded ( e.g. They should not be observed in places or situations they don’t expect to be seen)
Definition- Confidentiality
Participant’s results and personal information should be kept safely and not released to anyone outside of the study.
Ethical issue. Definition: Debriefing
Giving participants a full explanation of the aims and potential consequences of the study at the end of the study is vital, so that they leave in at least a positive condition as they arrived.
Ethical issue. Definition: deception
participants should not be deliberately misinformed ( lied to) about the aim of procedure of the study. however this is not always possible. If this is unavoidable, the study should plan to minimize the risk of distress, and participants should be fully debriefed.
Ethical issue-animals- replacement
researchers should consider replacing animals with alternative like videos from previous studies or computer simulations
Ethical issue - Animals- Species and strain.
The chosen species or strain should be the one least likely to suffer pain or distress. Were they bred in captivity? Have they been in previous experiments? What is their ability to think and feel.
Ethical issue- animals- Number of animals
only the minimum number should be needed to get reliable and valid results. ( good experiment design is vital for this)
Ethical issue- animals- Procedures on pain and distress
research causing death, disease, injury, physical or psychological distress or discomfort should be avoided where possible.
Ethical issues- animals- housing
Isolation, and crowding can cause distress, so cage conditions should depend on the social behavior of the creature
Ethical issue- animals- Reward, deprivation and averse stimuli
Using deprivation of the normal feeding or drinking patterns of the animals should be considered so that their needs can be satisfied. The use of rewards should be considered rather than the use of punishments to control behaviour
Ethical issue, animals- Aneasthesia, Analgesia and Euthanasia.
Animals should be protected from pain using appropriate anesthesia and analgesia for surgeries and euthanized if suffering lasting pain.
Ethical issue- Protection from harm. Definition
participant should not be exposed to any greater physical or psychological risk than they would expect in their day-day life.
