ethiopia Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is ethiopias GDPper capita
$767 per capita
what is ethiopias HDI
0.463
by how much does the population increase by yearly
2.5%
what percentage of employment is in agriculture
80%
explain the famine that ethiopia faced
1984-85
severe droughts and famine.
killed 1 million people
over $2000 million in food aid delivered by NGOs
22 million people in ethiopia still face food insecurity (18% of pop)
-
explain political terror that ethiopia faced
- military coup in 1974 ( funded by soviet union and cuba) led to civil war form 1974-87
1.4 million died in civil war
derg gov remained in power till 87 and a new republic established after monarchy was abolished
1977-78
Red Terror -> gov evicted people -> migration, refugees + economic decline.
50,000 killed in derg era and 1.5 million forcibly relocated.
explain the physical influences on ethiopias development
- unreliable rainfall due to the relief winds
- the west of ethiopia is very mountainous, so the soils are thing and infeertile.
- active volcanoes
- many areas dont have access to water
- disease-carrying insects are common
- lack of water means valuable land isnt used and subsistence farming remains
does ethiopia have all 3 types of rocks
yes
name the first 4 mdgs
1 eradicate extreme poverty
2 achieve universal primary education
3 promote gender equality and empower women
4 reduce child mortality
name the final 4 mdgs
5 improve maternal health
6 combat HIV/AIDS + malarias and other diseases
7 ensure environmental sustainability
8 global partnership for development
explain ethiopia’s success on MDG 1
+
pop living in poverty dropped by 20% in 2000
-
40% of children r still malnourished
explain ethiopias success on mdg 2
96% of children r now enrolled in primary school
there are more males than females in schools
explain ethiopias mdg success on mdg 4
65% of children receive vaccinations
malaria still accounts for 20% of deaths, diarrheoa for another 20%%
name 4 TNCs that poerate in ethiopia
- hilton hotels -leisure and recreation
- siemens - telecommunicaitons
- H&M - textiles
- Afriflora - producer of fair trade roses (millions), fair trade certified since 2014, 28 diff varieties of roses
what are the advantages of TNCs
- investments in infrastructure can increase tourism
- hotel workers are often paid fair wages
- well-known names may attract people to an area
- taxes can be used to improve the country
what are the disadvantages of tncs
- LIDC workers can be paid poorly in some ssectors.
- factories known to pay workers poor wages to maximise profits
- leakage - profits made by the TNCs ae taken back to the source country so the host country (ethiopia) does not benefit as much hugely
how mnay people receiev aid every year
5 million
for how long has oxfam and other charities worked to support ethiopia
over 30 yrs
What Aid does Oxfam operate
explain it
Goat Aid
- sustainable
-targeted at young women
- pair of goats are given to a 12 yr old girl
- goats breed and milk is used to drink and make cheese
- meat can be eaten
- improved nutrition
- surplus is sold to make money
- money then used for education, infrastructure etc.
-wealkth improves and breeding can be repeated
- cycle continues and leads to sustainable increase in wealth
what does the Girl Effect do
- young girls supported and can then be equal memebrs of society
- they run the Yegna brand - a multimedia platform deisgned to empower adolescent girls through radio dramas, music, TV shows and digital content. Yegna addresses issues such as gender equality, education, health and maarraige
what is the name of the bottom up development
farm africa
whats the name of the top down development
Growth and transformation plan
