ETM Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the Epidemiological Transition Model?
A theory that describes the changing patterns of population age distributions, mortality, fertility, and causes of death.
How many stages are there in the Epidemiological Transition Model?
There are typically four to five stages in the model.
What characterizes Stage 1 of the Epidemiological Transition Model?
High mortality rates and infectious diseases are the main causes of death.
True or False: Stage 2 of the Epidemiological Transition Model sees a decline in mortality rates due to improvements in healthcare.
True
Which stage is known as the ‘Age of Receding Pandemics’?
Stage 2
Fill in the blank: In Stage 3, the focus shifts from infectious diseases to __________.
chronic diseases
What is a key feature of Stage 4 in the Epidemiological Transition Model?
Increased life expectancy and a predominance of lifestyle-related diseases.
What is the possible fifth stage of the Epidemiological Transition Model referred to as?
The Age of Delayed Degenerative Diseases.
Which demographic transition stage is associated with urbanization?
Stage 2
True or False: The Epidemiological Transition Model applies uniformly across all countries.
False
What impact does economic development have on the Epidemiological Transition Model?
Economic development often leads to improved healthcare and reduced mortality rates.
In which stage do we typically see a rise in non-communicable diseases?
Stage 3
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Stage 1? A) High birth rates B) High death rates C) Low life expectancy D) Advanced medical technology
D) Advanced medical technology
What role does public health play in the Epidemiological Transition Model?
Public health initiatives can reduce mortality rates and shift the model towards later stages.
Fill in the blank: The transition from Stage 1 to Stage 2 is often driven by improvements in __________.
sanitation and healthcare
What is a significant outcome of the transition to Stage 4?
An aging population with increased healthcare needs.
True or False: The Epidemiological Transition Model only considers infectious diseases.
False
In which stage do obesity and lifestyle-related diseases become prevalent?
Stage 4
What demographic trend is typically observed in Stage 3?
Declining fertility rates.
Multiple Choice: Which stage is characterized by a significant drop in both birth and death rates? A) Stage 1 B) Stage 2 C) Stage 3 D) Stage 4
C) Stage 3
What does the term ‘health transition’ refer to in the context of the Epidemiological Transition Model?
Changes in health patterns and disease prevalence over time.
Fill in the blank: The Epidemiological Transition Model was first proposed by __________.
Abdel Omran
What is one criticism of the Epidemiological Transition Model?
It may oversimplify complex health transitions in diverse populations.
True or False: The model can predict future health trends in populations.
True
