ETP- spinal MSK quiz Flashcards
(33 cards)
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the anatomy of the vertebral column?
A. There are 8 cervical vertebrae
B. The coccyx is composed of five segments that fuse throughout skeletal maturity
C. A kyphotic curvature can be described as concave anteriorly.
D. The spinal column cannot be composed of 31 mobile segments
C. A kyphotic curvature can be described as concave anteriorly.
The origin of this muscle is described on the spinous process of T1 vertebra and its insertion is located
on the transverse process of C3 vertebra. Which muscle is described?
A. splenius cervicis
B. splenius capitis
C. multifidus (multifidi)
D. semispinalis
A. splenius cervicis
Which of the following statements applies to the anatomy of the transverse ligament of the atlas?
A. attaches bilaterally to the anterior arch of the atlas.
B. pushes the dens axis against the anterior arch of the atlas.
C. is the most important ligament for the stability of the atlanto-occipital joint.
D. makes part of the tectorial membrane.
E. All of the answers above are correct
B. pushes the dens axis against the anterior arch of the atlas.
This vertebra exhibits the following findings: only full facet is present on the lateral side of the
vertebral body; the transverse process shows no facet for attachment of a rib. Which vertebra is
described?
A. T 1
B. T 9
C. T 10
D. T 11
D. T 11
The posterior atlanto—occipital membrane of the cranio-cervical junction:
A. attaches to the posterior arch of the atlas and laminae of dens axis.
B. has an opening that allows passage of the vertebral artery closer to the spinal cord.
C. uses dens axis and lateral masses of atlas as its attachment points.
D. attaches to the posterior margin of foramen magnum and condyles of the atlas.
B. has an opening that allows passage of the vertebral artery closer to the spinal cord.
Which one of the following IS NOT a characteristic of the atlas?
A. Posterior tubercle on the posterior arch instead of bifid spinous process
B. Absence of the transverse process foramina
C. Facet for dens axis on the posterior aspect of the anterior arch of the atlas
D. Transverse processes having anterior and posterior tubercles
E. Complete absence of the vertebral body
B. Absence of the transverse process foramina
Which one of the following ligaments of the spinal column limits flexion of the spine?
A. Interspinous ligament
B. Supraspinous ligament
C. Posterior longitudinal ligament
D. All of the above listed ligaments are involved in controlling flexion of the spinal column.
D. All of the above listed ligaments are involved in controlling flexion of the spinal column.
Herniation of an intervertebral disc is primarily resisted by which one of the following structures?
A. Tectorial membrane
B. Multiple layers of annulus fibrosus
C. Ligamentum flavum
D. All of the above answers are correct
B. Multiple layers of annulus fibrosus
Which of the following muscles belong to the “transversospinal layer” of spinal muscles?
A. Semispinalis capitis
B. Spinalis cervicis
C. Splenius cervicis
D. Spinalis thoracis
A. Semispinalis capitis
Herniation of an intervertebral disc in the lumbar spine occurs most frequently in which one of the
following directions?
A. Lateral
B. Posterolateral
C. Medial
D. Posteromedial
B. Posterolateral
The inferior demifacet of the 9th thoracic vertebra articulates with the:
A. head of rib 10.
B. head of rib 9.
C. head of rib 8.
D. heads of ribs 9 and 10
A. head of rib 10.
Intrinsic muscles of the spinal column are innervated through the:
A. posterior primary rami of spinal nerves.
B. anterior primary rami of spinal nerves.
C. sensory fibers of posterior primary rami of spinal nerves.
D. main trunks of spinal nerves.
A. posterior primary rami of spinal nerves.
What kind of movement(s) is/are principally permitted in the thoracic region of the spinal column?
A. Flexion and extension
B. Lateral flexion
C. Rotation
D. Lateral flexion only.
C. Rotation
On a typical spinal column, the ligamenta flava extend inferiorly to:
A. L1/L2 intervertebral space.
B. L2/L3 intervertebral space.
C. L4/L5 intervertebral space.
D. L5/S1 intervertberal space.
D. L5/S1 intervertberal space.
From the following list of muscles select the deepest muscle(s) of the transversospinalis layer.
A. multifidi
B. semispinalis
C. rotatores (long)
D. spinalis
C. rotatores (long)
Which one of the following statements regarding the spinal nerves is INCORRECT?
A. A spinal nerve emerges from the spinal canal through the intervertebral foramen before it
divides into anterior and posterior primary rami.
B. The anterior ramus of a spinal nerve is functionally a motor component of that nerve, and its
posterior ramus has the sensory function.
C. When we use the term “mixed fibers” for a nerve, we actually describe a nerve that has both
sensory and motor fibers within its main trunk and its branches.
D. The anterior and posterior roots of a nerve are found within the spinal canal, attached directly to
the surface of the spinal cord.
B. The anterior ramus of a spinal nerve is functionally a motor component of that nerve, and its
posterior ramus has the sensory function.
The iliocostalis muscle, just like the longissimus or semispinalis is described as being divided into
sections and segmentally controlled in order to enhance the versatility of spinal column’s movement.
The iliocostalis muscle is divided into which sections?
A. Lumbar and thoracic sections
B. Lumbar, thoracic and cervical sections
C. Thoracic, cervical and capital sections
D. Lumbar, thoracic, cervical and capital sections
B. Lumbar, thoracic and cervical sections
In adult person, the spinal cord terminates at the level of intervertebral space between the third and
fourth lumbar vertebrae.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
B. FALSE
Eight pairs of the cervical nerves arise from the surface of the spinal cord, although there are only
seven cervical vertebrae.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
A. TRUE
Vertebra L5 is different compared to other lumbar vertebrae because it is the only one in the lumbar
group that shows wedge-shaped body and it is the only one that has accessory and mamillary
processes.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
B. FALSE
Thoracic vertebrae XI and XII don’t have articular facets for ribs on the lateral side of their bodies; ribs
only attach to facets of their transverse processes.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE
B. FALSE
A patient was evaluated because of partial muscle paralysis. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed
and conclusively stated that C8 nerve was impinged because of a herniated intervertebral disc.
Identify the intervertebral space where the herniation most likely occurred.
A. C5/C6
B. C6/C7
C. C7/T1
D. T1/T2
C. C7/T1
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding anatomy of vertebra?
A. A typical cervical vertebra has larger, triangularly shaped vertebral foramen whereas the same
opening of a typical thoracic vertebra would be smaller and cylindrical.
B. The uncinate processes make the upper body surface of cervical vertebrae slightly concave; on those
vertebrae that have uncinated processes, concavity is directed from side to side.
C. The term ‘articular column’ is used to describe thickening of the cervical vertebrae where a more solid
bony mass is observed between the superior and inferior articular processes.
D. The spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae are described as long, pointed, inferiorly sloping
processes. This feature is most obvious in the lower group of thoracic vertebrae (T9 – T12).
D. The spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae are described as long, pointed, inferiorly sloping
processes. This feature is most obvious in the lower group of thoracic vertebrae (T9 – T12).
Which one of the following muscles DOESN’T belong to the anterior neck compartment?
A. Rectus capitis lateralis
B. Splenius capitis
C. Longus colli
D. Rectus capitis anterior
E. Obliquus capitis inferior
B. Splenius capitis
E. Obliquus capitis inferior
