eukaryotic pathogens

Question 1

giardia intestinalis

Answer 1

flagellated anaerobic parasite, have two nucelli of equal size
- most common parasitic diarrhea in the united states

Question 2

giardiasis

Answer 2

waterborne intestinal disease

Question 3

giardiasis treatment

Answer 3

antiprotozoal drug metronidazole

Question 4

trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 4

flagellated anaerobic parasite
- lack mitochondria but have hydrogenosomes for metabolism
-sex transmission
- toilet seat, sauna
-vaginal discharge, itching, burning
- asymptomatic in men

Question 5

cryptosporidium parvum

Answer 5

protist that lives as a parasite in warm-blooded animals
- produces oocysts that are transmitted in fecally contaminated water

Question 6

toxoplasma gondii

Answer 6

protist that lives as a parasite in warm blooded animals
- produces oocysts that are shed in the feces of infected animals (transmitted by cats and undercooked meat)

Question 7

entamoeba histolytica

Answer 7

pathogenic protist transmitted to humans via contaminated water
- if untreated: systemic infection

Question 8

naegleria fowleri

Answer 8

brain eating amoeba

Question 9

trypanosoma brucei

Answer 9

african sleeping sickness (tsetse fly)
- CNS and multiplies in SF

Question 10

trypanosoma cruzi

Answer 10

chagas disease (kissing bug)
- heart, GI, CNS
-treatment available

Question 11

leishmania tropica or mexicana

Answer 11

flagellated protozoan, related to trypanosoma
- sandfly bite
- ulcers on skin
CUTANEOUS

Question 12

leishmania donovani

Answer 12

• sandfly bite
• parasite travels to internal organs
• fatal if untreated
  VISCERAL

Question 13

schistosomiasis

Answer 13

“snail fever”
- life cycle requires snails and humans
eggs= miracidia
once snail infected with miracidia=cercaria=skin lesions

Question 14

filiariasis

Answer 14

transmitted by the bite of a mosquito
- nematode: wuchereria bancrofti
- worms interrupt lymph flow
- chronic infection of the lymphatic system
-BIG LEGS

Question 15

what compound do fungi break down

Answer 15

lingin (gives strength to woody plants)

Question 16

mushrooms are___

Answer 16

fruiting bodies

Question 17

fungal infections aka

Answer 17

mycoses

Question 18

what type of agar can most fungi be propagated on

Answer 18

sabouraud dextrose agar
- bacteria won’t grow bc of its low pH

Question 19

what are the mechanisms that fungi can cause infection

Answer 19

allergic response, mycotoxins, infections (mycoses)

Question 20

fungal diseases: superficial mycoses

Answer 20

caused by dermatophytes (fungus living in the skin)

Question 21

fungal diseases: subcutaneous mycoses

Answer 21

more serious infection in deeper layers of the skin
- travels through the body through lymph channel

Question 22

fungal diseases: systemic mycoses

Answer 22

fungal growth in organs of the body after inhaling spores
- antibiotics make it worse
- more serious in immunosuppressed individuals

Question 23

coccidioidomycosis

Answer 23

spores enter lungs where they germinate and then rupture, enter the blood stream, and cause lesions on the bones and CNS (meningitis)

Question 24

candidiasis

Answer 24

caused by yeast candida albicans and other candida species

Question 25

C albicans

Answer 25

dimorphic and can form true mycelium