euro&world: causes of 1905 revolution Flashcards
(6 cards)
intro
b: in what century was russia ruled by the tsar & what was russians view of him?
b: since 1905 the tsar had โฆ. control over russia but what changed this?
what are the factors and lofa for this essay?
- 2oth century, bc he ran autocracy(do anything) which was disliked by many russians: land hunger, famine and lack of political opps
- strict control but this was threatened when workers protested under father gapons instruction as they wanted change
- war with japan, political problems, bloody sunday (peasants discontent and workers discontent)
- political problems most important reason for 1905 rev
war with japan
k: what year was the war and why did it happen?
k: what was russias anticipation?
k: what battles were russia involved in & the outcome?
a: why was this important for rev (poverty, equipped army)
a+: why was less important(land lost, suffered consequences)
- 1904, over who could control the areas of manchuria and korea
- they expected for it to be an easy military victory & unite russias as hoped it would act as a distraction to political turmoil in russia
- the battle of mukden and Tsushima embarrassing for japan: 90,000 approx died
- caused factory workers to rebel against the tsar>angry about all money spent on army & navy as useless. money better spent on improving poverty in inner city areas. (army poorly equipped & organised)
- they lost minimal land & it was very far away from russia - most russians oblivious, military defeat not suffered until later on when rev had already started, therefore war could not have intitiated the rev & was limited
political problems
k: how was nicholas ii viewed as a leader?
k: what happened in 1904?
a: why was this important (peasants, spiral effect)
a+: why was less important (economic, petition)
- weak and indecissive appeared to be unaware of problems facing russia, found in his diary entry more interested in birds he had shot that day & weather
- socialist revolutionairies assasinated the minister of the interior in Plehve & produced propaganda to try gain more members
- due to SR assasinating ppl led to it spreading to countryside; encouraged peasants arson assasinate landlords, & spread to other town
- workers main concern was economic not political, therefore petition tsar signed on bloody sunday to help workers shows tsar was solution; not problem of political issues > not leading to a rev rather helping
bloody sunday
k: when was bloody sunday & what did it involve?
k: who met the protestors & what happened?
a: why was this important ( angry all, united)
a+: why was less important (petition, involvement)
- 22nd January 1905 , 100,000 factory workers in st petersburg marched on the tsars winter palace under father gapons instruction
- unarmed protestors were met by soldiers who opened fire on them leaving 200 killed and 800 wounded.
- angered all classes bc army met non-violent protestors with blood shed, (army out of control) & united the w/c due to shared resentment spark
- protest was not against tsar but rather about economic requests as although petition called for elected parliament, down to economic requests the so many workers involved.
1KU: PEASANTS DISCONTENT
what were peasants angry about in 1905 and what did this lead to ?
redemption payments peak in 1905, which resulted in peasants seizing land from landlords. they set fire to 3000 manors landlord ownedยป forced them from countryside.
1KU: WORKERS DISCONTENT
what were the harsh working conditions that workers faced & what did many die from?
working 16 hour days, put up with beatings, fines and sacking. 1/3 of workers died from infections diseases such as cholera, smallpox
