euro&world: fascists maintaining power Flashcards
(7 cards)
intro - b x2
what year was musso appointed to prime minister and then what happened in 1939?
over his ruling until …. how many decrees had he made over how many years?
how was he described as a dictator?
1922
appointment as PERMANENT pm referring to himself as ‘Il-Duce’ (leader)
1945, 100,000 decrees 17yrs
throrough
intro - factors & lofa
this essay will analyse how important…
lofa?
propaganda, establishing a fascist state, fear and intimidation (foreign policy & socio-eco policies) were to fasists maintaining power
establishing a fascist state main reason why stayed in power
propaganda
k: how did mussolini spread fascist ideologies?
k: what impact did musso have on primary schools & what was significant about his birthday?
a: why was propaganda helpful for fascists maintaining power (saviour, scared)
a+: why was propaganda not as important ( radios )
- through newspapers, radios and cinema to brainwash ppl into believing them, as hear is regularly & all press monitored.
- he gave free radios to schools to further potray his views. birthday not celebrated ensure he stayed full of vitality and did not age (young leader)
- fascist ideology was directly transmitted into homes & schools > promote regime that musso was saviour sent from God to save italy, difficult to oppose him without facing backlash
- only 1 in 44 households had a radio: propaganda did not reach all> not everyone was brainwashed into following regime & some who did have radio might have not even listened to it>limited influence
establishing a fascist state
k: what did musso do to ensure all other opposition parties stayed unerground?
k: what 2 things did musso do in 1928?
a: why did this help maintain power (strong say, groups, voting restrictions)
a+: why was this not very helpful (f+i, groups,)
- in 1926 he banned them
- 1928 musso solidified the Fascist dictatorship>italy 1 party state & abolished universal suffrage
- due to his large power in government: effortless make laws, hard to oppose due blackshirts & OVRA who operated freely to destroy potential opps. voting limited: male, 21 & member of fascists
- without help of f+i such a strong fascist state would not have been conquered, although musso strong he needed help from OVRA & blackshirts to maintain & persue his fascist ran state, as responsible for making ppl fear over them.
fear and intimidation
k: what year were the OVRA established & what brutal tactics would they use?
k: what kinds of people would they torture & how many people were arrested then sent to prison?
k: how many doissers did they arrest?
a: why did help to maintain power ( fear, camps)
a+: why was this not very important (death penalty, members)
- 1927, force people to drinks absurb amounts of castor oil & live frogs
- undesirables - homosexuals & opposition, 4000
- OVRA 130,000 anti fascists
- ppl feared to go against the regime, they would be arrested or sent to a concentration camp where they would be tortured so easier to support regime. e.g. Lipari Island 9000 suspects sent
- since 1940 death penalty introduced only 10 executions=power/influence was limited, also OVRA only 700 members(small) overall not much of a threat & it was exaggerated
1KU FOREIGN POLICY
what two successes in the 1920s made musso popular and what did he do?
Lausanna conference and the Corfu incident where he demanded 50 million lire as compensation from Greece to cover for the murder of the italian general, thus making him popular
1KU ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
Dopolavoro was established in 1925, what was it?
how many members did it have by 1939?
organisation who set up activites for italians: day-trips, sports, holidays and financial assistance
3.8 million
