Evaluating causation Flashcards
1
Q
Case-control studies
A
-use 2x2 table with exposed/non-exposed on left and cases/controls on right
2
Q
Case exposure rate
A
A/A+C
3
Q
Control exposure rate
A
B/B+D
4
Q
Odds of exposure in cases
A
A/C
5
Q
Odds of exposure in controls
A
B/D
6
Q
Odds ratio in case/control
A
- odds of exposure in cases/odds of exposure in controls
- (A/C)/ (B/D)
7
Q
OR and RR
A
-If a disease is very rare then OR= RR
8
Q
OR values
A
values of 0- infinity
9
Q
Cohort studies
A
- draw two by two table with exposed cohort./non exposed on left and disease develops, no disease on right
- you can calculate risk rates from these
10
Q
Absolute risk of disease in exposed
A
A/A+B
11
Q
Absolute risk of disease in non-exposed
A
C/C+D
12
Q
Odds of finding the disease in the exposed
A
A/B
13
Q
Odds of finding the disease in the non-exposed
A
C/D
14
Q
Odds ratio in cohort
A
(A/B)/(C/D)
15
Q
Risk difference
A
AR exposed-AR non-exposed
