Evidence of Evolution (original)

Question 1

A change in an organism that makes it better suited to its environment.

Answer 1

Adaptation

Question 2

The process through which species change over time through adaptations.

Answer 2

Evolution

Question 3

The ability of bacteria to survive and grow in the presence of antibiotics.

Answer 3

Antibiotic resistance

Question 4

The ability of pests to survive exposure to pesticides that once killed them.

Answer 4

Pesticide resistance

Question 5

A species of moth that changed color due to industrial pollution, illustrating natural selection.

Answer 5

Peppered moth

Question 6

The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Answer 6

Natural selection

Question 7

The introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment.

Answer 7

Pollution

Question 8

What are some types of evidence for evolution?

Answer 8

fossils,
anatomy,
embryology,
and biochemistry.

Question 9

What is a fossil?

Answer 9

preserved remains of an ancient organism.

Question 10

How can the age of a fossil be determined?

Answer 10

by relative dating and radioactive dating.

Question 11

What is relative dating?

Answer 11

uses the layers of the Earth to approximate the age of a fossil.

Question 12

What is radioactive dating?

Answer 12

uses Carbon-14 dating to provide the exact age of a fossil.

Question 13

Where are the oldest fossils typically found?

Answer 13

at the bottom of the layers

Question 14

What can be learned by examining the layers of fossils?

Answer 14

we can see how an organism has changed over time.

Question 15

Which dating method provides an exact age for fossils?

Answer 15

Radioactive dating

Question 16

Why is the arrangement of fossils in layers important?

Answer 16

it helps scientists understand the chronological order of organism changes over time.

Question 17

what do fossils provide us evidence about?

Answer 17

Anatomy
an organisms habitat
what an organism eats

Question 18

the bone and organ structure of an organism

Answer 18

Anatomy

Question 19

structure that do not have a common evolutionary orgion
not similar in bone arrangement but similar in function
different ancestors

Answer 19

analogous

Question 20

differnet function
similar structure

Answer 20

Homologous

Question 21

Homologous and analogous structures help show if organisms are similar or different

Answer 21

evolutionary origin

Question 22

structure in present day organism that no longer has a purpose, but was probably useful to ancestors

Answer 22

Vestigial structure

Question 23

structure with a common evolutionary orgin
same bone arrangment same function or both
organisms share a common ancestor

Answer 23

Homologous structure

Question 24

examples of vestigial structures in whales

Answer 24

pelvis and femur

Question 25

vestigial structures in humans

Answer 25

Appendix Tail bone Goosebumps

Question 26

similar function different structure

Answer 26

analogous structure

Question 27

earliest stage of growth and development in an animal

Answer 27

Embryos

Question 28

similar embryos means they shared a _____ _______

Answer 28

common ancestor

Question 29

the three types of natural selection

Answer 29

stabilizing directional disruptive

Question 30

using biological molecules to see evolutionary relationships

Answer 30

biochemistry

Question 31

favors average individual reduces variation in a population of organisms

Answer 31

stabilizing selection

Question 32

similar patterns in ____ and __ ______

Answer 32

Proteins Amino Acids

Question 33

what type of selection is medium colored shells are favored and dark shells are reduced?

Answer 33

stabalizing

Question 34

show evolutionary relationships based on DNA similarities

Answer 34

Phylogenetic trees

Question 35

favors one of the extreme vartations

Answer 35

directional selection

Question 36

the evolution of a new species

Answer 36

speciation

Question 37

occurs when 2 populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water, the split population become 2 separate species

Answer 37

geographic isolation

Question 38

what type of selection is dark shells survive?

Answer 38

directional

Question 39

two similar populations of organisms can no longer interbreed

Answer 39

speciation

Question 40

a pattern of evolution where 1 species evolves into different species with similar traits share a common ancestor

Answer 40

divergent evoliution

Question 41

favors both extremes of a variation 2 new species evolve

Answer 41

disruptive selection

Question 42

1 species evolves into many different species because of different environments

Answer 42

adaptive radiation

Question 43

what type of selection is light and dark shells survive

Answer 43

disruptive

Question 44

________ ___________ show divergent evolution

Answer 44

homologous structure

Question 45

a pattern of evolution where unrelated otganisms evolve into forms that resemble each other because of similar life styles no common ancestor

Answer 45

convergent evolution

Question 46

species evolve through a slow, steady change in adaptations

Answer 46

gradualism

Question 47

________ _______ show convergent evolution

Answer 47

analogous structures

Question 48

species evvole quickly, in rapid bursts, and then there are bng periods with no change

Answer 48

Punctuated Equilibrium

Question 49

a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring

Answer 49

species