Evolution %12

Question 1

What are ancient remains of once-living organisms considered as evidence for?

Answer 1

Fossils

Question 2

Who is considered the first person to develop the theory of natural selection?

Answer 2

Charles Darwin

Question 3

Who developed a theory of evolutionary change that was eventually proved to be incorrect?

Answer 3

Lamarck

Question 4

What type of selection occurs when humans purposely breed organisms to develop useful characteristics?

Answer 4

Artificial selection
.

Question 5

What term refers to the competition among organisms for limited resources?

Answer 5

Struggle for existence

Competition

Question 6

The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce within a specific environment

Answer 6

Fitness

Question 7

What is any inherited characteristic that makes an organism better suited to its environment called?

Answer 7

Adaptation

Question 8

What does the term The best adapted organisms live, while those not as well adapted die out

Answer 8

Survival of the fittest

Question 9

What do we call structures derived from a similar origin but with different functions, such as the wings of bats and forelegs of dogs?

Answer 9

Homologous structures .

Question 10

What are structures that no longer serve a useful purpose in an organism called?

Answer 10

Vestigial structures

Question 11

What is the study of the early development of organisms that serves as evidence of evolution?

Answer 11

Embryology

Question 12

What term describes all the alleles for all the genes in a given population of a species?

Answer 12

Gene pool

Question 13

What is a change to the base-pair sequence in DNA called?

Answer 13

Mutation

Question 14

What refers to the appearance and behaviors of a particular organism?

Answer 14

Phenotype

Question 15

What is the DNA sequence of a particular organism known as?

Answer 15

Genotype

Question 16

What type of natural selection favors the extremes of a continuously variable trait?

Answer 16

Disruptive selection

Question 17

What type of natural selection favors the intermediate forms of a continuously variable trait?

Answer 17

Stabilizing selection

Question 18

What type of natural selection favors one extreme or the other of a continuously variable trait?

Answer 18

Directional selection

Question 19

What is evolution caused by chance events rather than by natural selection called?

Answer 19

Genetic drift

Question 20

Evolution caused by migration of organisms into or out of a population 

Answer 20

Gene flow

Question 21

What three mechanisms can produce the isolation required for speciation to occur 

Answer 21

Geographical isolation temporal isolation, behavioural isolation 

Question 22

A trait which an organism already has which allows it to survive after a change in the environment


Answer 22

Pre-existing adaptation 

Question 23

Term which describes species which no longer live anywhere on earth 

Answer 23

Extinct species 

Question 24

According to relative dating more ancient fossils are found ——— within Rocky layers than more recent fossils 

Answer 24

In Deeper rock layer

Question 25

What is the shape of a DNA molecule? 

Answer 25

Double helix

Question 26

What are the three main components of the DNA molecule? 

Answer 26

Sugar phosphate group, nitrogen base 

Question 27

In DNA, which bases pair with which 

Answer 27

Adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine A+t and c+g

Question 28

Idea that Evilution proceeds at a slow steady rate 

Answer 28

Gradualism 

Question 29

Idea that evolution occurs in short, burst interspersed by long periods of little change 

Answer 29

Punctuated equilibrium

Question 30

Organisms from different evolutionary backgrounds developing similar characteristics (E.G birds, butterflies and bats all have wings)

Answer 30

Convergent evolution 

Question 31

organisms of similar evolutionary backgrounds becoming less alike (E.G.Wales, bats and dogs)

Answer 31

Divergent evolution