Evolution

Question 1

Beaks- Each beak seemed ___ to the finch’s usual food

Answer 1

suited

Question 2

Artificial Selection- Process of ____ animals or plants that have certain desired traits

Answer 2

breeding

Question 3

Charles Darwin- _____ of Evolution

Answer 3

Father / Founder

Question 4

Overproduction- populations will produce more _____ than can survive

Answer 4

offspring

Question 5

Variation- ____ traits will vary in population

Answer 5

inherited

Question 6

Selection- a particular trait can make an individual ____ likely to survive than others

Answer 6

more

Question 7

Adaption- Over time, those traits that improve survival and reproduction will become more _____

Answer 7

common

Question 8

survival of the fittest- those with traits that give them an advantage in this struggle for survival will live _____ produce more offsprings and pass those favorable traits on to future generations

Answer 8

longer

Question 9

Fitness-Measured in the number of _____ that are born

Answer 9

offsprings

Question 10

An adaption is an ____ trait that is PRESENT IN A POPULATION because the trait helps individuals survive in an environment

Answer 10

inherited

Question 11

Fossil Record- Fossils are traces of _____ that lived in the past

Answer 11

organisms

Question 12

Fossil Records- Sometimes, comparing fossils and living beings reveals a pattern of _____ change from the past to present

Answer 12

gradual

Question 13

Biogeography- The study of organisms around the _____

Answer 13

world

Question 14

Embryology- The _____ of organisms is evident in the way that multicellular organisms develop from embryos

Answer 14

ancestry

Question 15

Anatomy- observations of anatomy of both ______ and living vertebrates support the hypothesis that all vertebrates descended from a common _____

Answer 15

fossil, ancestor

Question 16

Analogous Structure- Doesn’t have a common ancestor. The trait came from a similar _______ pressure

Answer 16

environmental

Question 17

Analogous Structures- Different _____, Same function

Answer 17

structure

Question 18

Homologous Structures- ____ came from a common ancestor

Answer 18

trait

Question 19

Homologous structure- ____ structure, different functions

Answer 19

same

Question 20

Directional Selection- One extreme is _____ over the others

Answer 20

favored

Question 21

Stabilizing Selection- The average or most _____ is favored; The 2 extremes are selected against

Answer 21

common

Question 22

Disruptive Selection- The two extremes are _____; The average or most common is selected against

Answer 22

favored

Question 23

(Microevolution) - Natural Selection- can cause an increase or decrease of _____ in a population

Answer 23

alleles

Question 24

(Microevolution) - Allelic Frequency- measures how abundant an _____ is within a population. An increasing allelic frequency indicates a favored trait

Answer 24

allele

Question 25

(Microevolution) - Migration- when individuals move in and out of populations, the number and types of ____ present change

Answer 25

alleles

Question 26

(Microevolution) - Mate Choice- If parents pair up randomly, then random assortment of traits will be passed on BUT if parents are _____(or selective) in their choice of mates, a limited set of traits will be passed on

Answer 26

limited

Question 27

(Microevolution) - Mutation- ____, but can change numbers and types of alleles

Answer 27

Rare

Question 28

(Microevolution) - Genetic Drift- Random effects of everyday life can cause differences in survival and reproduction of individuals , __________ drift will greatly impact a small population

Answer 28

genetic

Question 29

(Macroevolution) - Convergent Evolution- Species living in similar _____ evolve similar adaptions

Answer 29

environments

Question 30

Analogous- Do not share a _____ ancestor

Answer 30

common

Question 31

(Macroevolution) - Coevolution - Species that live in close contact often have clear ______ to one another's existence; they influence each other's adaptations

Answer 31

adaptions

Question 32

(Macroevolution) - Divergent Evolution or Adaptive Radiation - Over time, species split into two or more lines of ______ - one species gives rise to to many species. This process speeds up when a new species enters environment with few other species

Answer 32

descendants

Question 33

(Macroevolution) - Extinction- All _____ of the species die

Answer 33

members

Question 34

(Macroevolution) - Gradualism- Large scale changes happen at a _____ and gradual pace

Answer 34

slow

Question 35

Punctuated Equilibrium- some scientists argue that species remain stable for long periods of time before experiencing "______" changes due to environmental pressures

Answer 35

sudden

Question 36

Acquired traits - Characteristics that _____ over time as a result of environmental influences

Answer 36

develop

Question 37

Migration- Movement of individuals from ____ place to another

Answer 37

one

Question 38

Biochemistry- changes that occur at the _____ level in organisms over a period of time

Answer 38

molecular

Question 39

Decent with Modification- the evolutionary process where species pass down ___ to offspring

Answer 39

traits

Question 40

Population Genetics- study of _____

Answer 40

microevolution

Question 41

Gene Pool- _____ Combination of alleles in a population

Answer 41

particular

Question 42

Genetic Equilibrium - a state when allele frequencies remain the ____ from generation to generation

Answer 42

same

Question 43

Gene flow- occurs when ____ are added or removed from a population

Answer 43

genes

Question 44

Nintendo Mating- sexual reproduction creates the possibility that mating patterns or behaviors can _____ the gene pool

Answer 44

influence

Question 45

Genetic Drift- random events of everyday life that can cause ___ of alleles in a population

Answer 45

loss

Question 46

All populations have _____ variation

Answer 46

genetic

Question 47

Directional Selection- the "peak" of a normal distribution that moves in ____ direction along its range

Answer 47

one

Question 48

stabilizing Selection- the bell-curve shape becomes ____

Answer 48

narrower

Question 49

Direction selection- the bell-curve is pushed _____ in two peaks

Answer 49

apart

Question 50

Speciation- occurs when _____ forces results in a population that has unique features and can no longer breed with eachother

Answer 50

evolutionary

Question 51

Reproductive Isolation- state in which two populations can no longer _____ to produce future offspring

Answer 51

interbreed

Question 52

Geographic Isolation- physical barrier that prevents _____ may arise between populations

Answer 52

interbreeding

Question 53

Behavioral Isolation- caused by a _____ in mating behaviors

Answer 53

difference

Question 54

temporal isolation- exists when timing _____ reproduction between populations

Answer 54

prevents