Evolution Flashcards
Who first proposed evolution
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
What is evolution
Evolution is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
What did Jean Baptiste Lamarck bass his theory on
Organisms have an inborn desire to better themselves birds repeated attempts to fly
Use and disuse affected the organs in subsequent generations
Acquired characteristics are inherited
Giraffes stretching their next to reach higher leaves caused their necks to elongate as they passed it on to their offspring
What did Charles Lyell say
The earth is very old the earth has changed gradually overtime Darwin needed time
Farmers and breeders
Darwin learn from farmers and breeders that plants and animals possessed certain traits that are passed on from generation to generation such as plants size milk production chicken colors.
Unique traits could be manipulated by process he called artificial selection
Humans can control desired variations
What was the economist’s name?
Thomas Malthus
What did Thomas Malthus discover
Babies were being born faster than people were dying
Ultimately the population would exceed the available space and resources
The only thing that would curtail this would be famine and disease and war
Malthus noted that this phenomenon was even more prevalent with plants and animals
And abundance of offspring but only a few actually make it to adulthood.
What determines which individual survive and reproduce
When was the Beagle voyage
1831 to 1836
What did Darwin find on the beagle voyage
Tremendous diversity fitness of species many species have disappeared over time and several species found on the same continent but not on other continents
What did Darwin question
Why is there so much diversity of life? Why have so many of them disappeared overtime? Why are there so many different techniques for fitness? How did organisms develop these traits and behaviors?
When was the origin of the species by means of natural selection written
1859
What is the origin of the species by the means of natural selection say
Darwin introduced descent with modification
Species to send from more primitive species
Adaptation– the process by which fitness arises
Natural selection
Do wild animals and plants show variations just like domestic animals
Yes
What is natural selection
Survival of the fittest
What is survival of the fittest
Individuals whose characteristics are well-suited to their environment survive individuals whose characteristics are not well-suited to their environment either die or leave fewer offspring
