Evolution and Adaptations Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is a Structural Adaptation? What is an example?
Organism’s outside and structural features. Example is fur, shape of legs, size, and color.
What is mimicry? What are the types of mimicry?
Mimicry is when one organism tries to resemble the other one to avoid being eaten. The types of mimicry are Mullerian and Batestian mimicries.
What is the difference between Mullerian and Batestian?
In Mullerian mimicry two venomous speciest copy each other’s looks to make them less attractable to predators. In Batesian mimicry non-venomous mimics venomous for the same reason.
What is Behavioural Adaptation? Examples?
Behavioural adaptations can be learned or passed on to offspring as instinct to increase one’s survival. Hybernation, hissing, looking bigger are examples.
What is a Physioloical Adaptation? Examples?
It’s an internal adaptation on cellular/chemical level to help the organism survive or protect their offspring. Example is frog froth, venom, different blood concentration.
How do adaptations come to be?
They all must be inherited from the parents that had a mutation (or variation) that then, if advantageous, turns into adaptation.
What creates variations?
The exchange of DNA between two parents—crossing over and independent assortment. Mutations create NEW variations.
When do mutations occur?
Mutations happen during the S phase of interphase (before cell division).
What are the agents that cause mutations called? Examples?
Mutogens. UV light and toxins.
What is Selevtive Advantage?
When mutations that were once useless or harmful become useful in the changing enviroment.
What are 3 steps that best describe selective advantage?
Habitat change —> Advantages shift —> Populations Change
