Evolution Is Constrained By History + Trade Offs

Question 1

What can happen if there is a lack of genetic variation

Answer 1

• natural selection cannot act
• the allele / gene for the trait doesn’t exist in the population

Question 2

What are examples of evolutionary trade offs

Answer 2

• one trait trade off (Ie. Birth weight)
• multiple trait trade off (resource allocation - growth or mortality)

Question 3

What is micro evolution

Answer 3

Changes in allele frequencies within populations

Question 4

What is macro evolution

Answer 4

Over time micro evolution builds up leading to macroevolution

Question 5

What is stasis macroevolution

Answer 5

Some lineages don’t change much in outward appearance for long periods of time

Question 6

What are 2 reasons for extinction

Answer 6

Bad genes - dies out bc of some aspect of natural selection
Bad luck - unpredictable event

Question 7

What is Bergmann’s rule

Answer 7

Within a species or closely related taxa, individuals in colder climates tend to be larger than those in warmer climates