Ex 1 & 2

Question 1

first things students should do when entering microbio lab

Answer 1

put away belongings

wash hands

disinfect area

Question 2

what must be worn if any experimets will be performed

Answer 2

lab coat

gloves

Question 3

what piece of equipment is neccessary for specific experiments

Answer 3

safety glasses

Question 4

what must students do when finished with lab

Answer 4

properly dispose of and put away materials

disinfect lab area again

put away lab coat

wash hands

lab table must be clear of materials and clean

Question 5

what goes in the biohazard bucket?

Answer 5

usually silver and has a bag inside

non-glass hazardous materials

Question 6

what goes in the sharps biohazard bucket?

Answer 6

old petri dishes

used gloves

slides made during lab

Question 7

what goes in the waste test tube rack

Answer 7

used test tubes

test tube by the back sink labeled “waste”

Question 8

what goes in the ethanol/stain waste bucket?

Answer 8

must be poured into the waste container located in the fume hood

staining tubes and racks are then wiped dry with paper towels which can then be thrown away in regular trash can

Question 9

bunsen burner

Answer 9

long hair must be tied back

only turn on gas just before using a striker to light the burner

only move by cord or base

completely turn off the flame when finished

Question 10

how to put away microscope

Answer 10

wipe the objective with lens paper; blot immersion oil off

remove slides

put stage all the way down

move objective back to 4X

Question 11

objective lens

Answer 11

magnify 4x, 10x, 40x, 100x

Question 12

4X

Answer 12

scanning lens

Question 13

10X

Answer 13

low power lens

Question 14

40X

Answer 14

high-dry lens

Question 15

100X

Answer 15

oil immersion lens

Question 16

mechanical stage

Answer 16

flat surface where the slide is placed on

Question 17

substage condensor

Question 18

aperture diaphragm control

Answer 18

controls amount of light that passes from the illuminator through the condenser lens

Question 19

coarse focus adjustment knob

Answer 19

moves stage vertically, toward, and away from the objective lens

Question 20

fine focus adjustment knob

Answer 20

moves stage up and down but in smaller increments

Question 21

stage adjustment knobs

Answer 21

move stage forward and back, side-to-side, so that different areas of the slide can be viewed

Question 22

which objective lens can you use to view prokaryotes?

Answer 22

100X

1000X TM

Question 23

which objective lens can you use to view eukaryotes

Answer 23

40X

400X TM

Question 24

total magnifcation (TM)

Answer 24

ocular lens x objective lens

ocular lens always 10x

objective lens either 4x, 10x, 40x, 100x

Question 25

refraction

Answer 25

change in direction of a wave passing from one medium to another caused by its change in speed

Question 26

refractive index

Answer 26

measure of how light will bend when passing through a particular medium

Question 27

resolution

Answer 27

ability to distinctly view two closely spaces objects so that you can tell whether they are connected or separate entities

Question 28

what is immersion oil

Answer 28

oil you place directly on a slide when viewing a slide at 100X

Question 29

purpose of immersion oil

Answer 29

Increase resolution using a brightfield microscope is to reduce refraction

Question 30

how oil immersion works

Answer 30

Immersion oil acts as a bridge between the slide and the 100X objective lens It has the same refractive index as the glass so the light travels through the glass slide and continues up through the oil and then through objective lens without refracting, allowing for greater resolution and viewing a specimen with more clarity

Question 31

bacteria morphologies

Answer 31

coccus, bacillus

Question 32

bacteria arrangements

Answer 32

diplo- strepto- staphylo-

Question 33

bacillus

Answer 33

rod shaped

Question 34

coccus

Answer 34

spheres, spirals

Question 35

diplo

Answer 35

groups of 2

Question 36

strepto

Answer 36

chains

Question 37

staphy

Answer 37

clusters

Question 38

list the 3 domains of living organisms. which domain do algae belong in

Answer 38

1. bacteria 2. eukarya 3. archaea eukarya

Question 39

You are examining a urine sample from an individual with a suspected urinary tract infection. You were unable to detect any microbes until you viewed the sample at 1000X TM. To which domain of life does the disease-causing microbe belong? Explain the reason for your answer.

Answer 39

The domain of life that can be viewed at 1000X TM is bacteria. The reason for this is because you can see the cellular morphology of bacteria at 1000X TM.

Question 40

List the 4 disposal places we use in lab.

Answer 40

Biohazard Bucket Sharps Biohazard Container Waste Test Tube Rack Ethanol/ Stain Waste Container

Question 41

Angela came in to lab to perform her experiments for the day. She first put on chapstick because her lips were dry. Then she put her backpack on the floor at her bench. She put on her lab coat, washed her hands, put on gloves, and disinfected her lab area. She lit her Bunsen burner in preparation for her experiments. She then gathered materials from the back table, drawers, and cabinets. She then performed two experiments: a simple stain and a viable cell count using the spread plating method. After finishing, Angela turned off her Bunsen burner, put her cultures in the class rack and tub to be incubated, and poured her ethanol down the sink. She put the rest of her materials away and discarded her microscope slide in the biohazard bucket. She then took off her gloves and lab coat, washed her hands, and then she left the lab. Identify at least 4 of Angela’s safety violations for that lab period.

Answer 41

The first safety violation is putting her backpack next to her bench when it is supposed to be in the cubbies. The second safety violation was putting on her lab coat first. The proper thing to do is wash your hands, put on gloves, put on lab coat, then disinfect lab area. The third safety violation was pouring the ethanol down the sink. Nothing should be poured down the sink it should have been poured into the ethanol/ stain waste container. The fourth safety violation was taking off her gloves first. She should have cleaned her lab area, take off her lab coat, take off her gloves, then wash her hands.

Question 42

What is refractive index?

Answer 42

The refractive index is the measure of how the light will bend when passing through a medium.

Question 43

Does the field of vision increase or decrease as you increase magnification?

Answer 43

The field of view decreases as the magnification is increased.

Question 44

Which objective lens (ONLY ONE) do we use oil immersion to view specimen? How and why does the oil increase resolution?

Answer 44

The objective lens we use for oil immersion would be 100x objective. The oil increasing resolution is caused by the oil creating a bridge between the slide and lens by reducing refraction.

Question 45

What typical cellular morphologies of bacteria would you expect to see on prepared slides? Use scientific terminology.

Answer 45

You would see bacilli and cocci on prepared slides.

Question 46

Anton has finished looking at his gram stain. Where should he dispose of the gram stain slide once he is done with it?

Answer 46

Anton should pour the stain in the stain waste container and then put the glass slide in the sharps biohazard container.

Question 47

What is the TOTAL magnification when viewing an organism with the 40X objective?

Answer 47

400X TM