Ex 1

Question 1

What kind of energy is primary with the production of x ray?

Answer 1

Electromagnetic

Question 2

Electromagnetic radiation ENERGY (EMR) is measured in what?

Answer 2

Electron volts (eV)

Question 3

1000 eV = ?

Answer 3

1 kiloelectron (keV)

Question 4

EMR is measured by FREQUENCY in what?

Answer 4

Hertz (Hz)

Question 5

Frequency is the ______&_______ of a sine wave?

Answer 5

Rise and fall

Question 6

How do you measure a frequency cycle?

Answer 6

From one peak to the next peak = one cycle

Question 7

X-ray has what kind of frequency ?

Answer 7

HIGH

Question 8

EMR is measured by WAVELENGTH in what?

Answer 8

Meters (m)

Question 9

Wavelength is the distance between ____________?

Answer 9

1 peak of the wave to the next peak

Question 10

X-ray has a ______________wavelength?

Answer 10

VERY SHORT wavelength

Question 11

All EMR travels at what speed?

Answer 11

Speed Of light

Question 12

Does radiation have mass?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

How does EMR travel ?

Answer 13

In bundles called photons or quanta

Question 14

How does one determine if the radiation is ionizing or non ionizing?

Answer 14

Depending on their wavelength

Question 15

As distance increases what happens to the intensity of the radiation ?

Answer 15

Decreases

Question 16

EMR is measured by frequency in what?

Answer 16

HERTZ (Hz)

Question 17

Frequency is the rise and fall of a _______?

Answer 17

Sine wave

Question 18

What kind of EMR has enough energy to remove an electron?

Answer 18

Ionizing

Question 19

Ionizing radiation has what kind of wavelength?

Answer 19

Very short

Question 20

Ionizing radiation has what kind of frequency ?

Answer 20

High

Question 21

Does ionizing radiation have an inversely related wavelength and frequency ?

Answer 21

Why yes, yes it does.

Question 22

A short wavelength and a high frequency means _________?

Answer 22

High energy

Question 23

What are examples of ionizing EMR (short wavelength)

Answer 23

X rays, gamma rays.

Question 24

Does non-ionizing radiation have the energy to remove electrons ?

Answer 24

No

Question 25

Nonionizing radiation has a ________ wavelength.

Answer 25

Long

Question 26

Nonionizing radiation has a ______ frequency

Answer 26

Low

Question 27

A long wavelength means low frequency and _________?

Answer 27

Lower energy

Question 28

What are examples of non ionizing EMR (long wavelength)

Answer 28

Infrared light and UV light, radios TV, microwave, and heat

Question 29

IS particle radiation on the electromagnetic ?

Answer 29

No

Question 30

Is electromagnetic radiation ionizing ?

Answer 30

Yes

Question 31

What does particle radiation come from?

Answer 31

Decay of a radioactive atom

Question 32

What kind of particles make up particle radiation ?

Answer 32

Alpha and beta

Question 33

Is particle radiation more or less penetrating that x ray?

Answer 33

Less

Question 34

Which is more harmful x rays or particle radiation ?

Answer 34

Particle radiation

Question 35

Inhalation of particle radiation (like radon gas) produces what kind of particle radiation ?

Answer 35

Alpha

Question 36

Measuring Ionizing radiation is call what?

Answer 36

Dosimetry

Question 37

What is the abbreviation for measuring radiation which is used internationally ?

Answer 37

SI

Question 38

Dosimetry is performed by a ?

Answer 38

Dosimeter

Question 39

What is the SI units name for measuring ionizing radiation ?

Answer 39

Roentgen or Coulombs

Question 40

How many rads = 1 gray (gy)

Answer 40

100

Question 41

What is another name for REM?

Answer 41

Sievert (Sv)

Question 42

Dosimetry for workers is usually in the form of a ?

Answer 42

Film badge

Question 43

What measures for biological effects from delayed exposure?

Answer 43

Film badge ( dosimetry )

Question 44

All together the average person gets about how many mrads each ear?

Answer 44

360

Question 45

Natural radiation ( background ) radiation makes up for how much of your yearly exposure ?

Answer 45

82%

Question 46

What are examples of cosmic radiation?

Answer 46

Sun and stars

Question 47

How many mrem of cosmic radiation does a person get a year?

Answer 47

29 mrem

Question 48

Cosmic radiation increases the _________?

Answer 48

Higher the altitude

Question 49

Terrestrial radiation accounts for how much of our total exposure each year?

Answer 49

55%

Question 50

Man made radiation makes up what percent of our yearly exposure?

Answer 50

18%

Question 51

What is the largest source of man made exposure?

Answer 51

Diagnostic x Ray

Question 52

Where are nuclides found?

Answer 52

Living tissue

Question 53

Can diagnostic x ray cause acute effects?

Answer 53

No

Question 54

What kind of exposure is more detrimental than exposure to a specific part?

Answer 54

Whole body dose

Question 55

What kind of dose is exposure causing tissue damage of the exposed individual (early or late)

Answer 55

Somatic dose

Question 56

What kind of dose is exposure potentially causing damage to future generations of the exposed individual ?

Answer 56

Genetic dose

Question 57

Fetal exposure up to how many rads is not expected to cause any harm ?

Answer 57

10

Question 58

What is it called if you're exposed at a low level continuously, effects are reduced ?

Answer 58

Protraction

Question 59

What is it called when non continuous exposure to high doses reduces effects?

Answer 59

Fractionation

Question 60

Is protraction used in radiotherapy ?

Answer 60

Yes

Question 61

Is fractionation used in radiotherapy ?

Answer 61

Yes

Question 62

What is radiation Hormesis ?

Answer 62

The apparent beneficial effects of radiation

Question 63

What is the name of the effect that is associated with cancer and cataracts ?

Answer 63

Stochastic somatic effects

Question 64

What is known effects that increase with increased dose, short term effects, and has a threshold at with effects are predictable ?

Answer 64

Deterministic somatic (non stochastic effects)

Question 65

Small to moderate doses of ration may reduce what?

Answer 65

Infection and fatal malignancies and can prolong life