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A&P2 Lab Quizes > Ex. 29 Blood and Body Systems Overview > Flashcards

Ex. 29 Blood and Body Systems Overview Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

15% of total body weight and has a composition similar to plasma.

A

Interstitial Fluid

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2
Q

carries blood away from the heart

A

Artery

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3
Q

site of exchange

A

capillary

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4
Q

carries blood twards the heart

A

vein

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5
Q

Bline ended capillaries absorb axcess fluid and recycle it into large veins.

A

Lymphatic circulation

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6
Q

Largest veins

A

Superior and inferior venea cavae

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7
Q

Pulmonary arteries contain blood with ________ levels of O2 and ________ levels of CO2?

A

low levels of O2 and high levels of CO2.

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8
Q

the largest artery

A

Aorta

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9
Q

deliver blood to the myocardium (heart muscle)

A

coronary arteries

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10
Q

Name the 3 structures in the systemic circulation:

A
  1. carotid arteries
  2. baroreceptors
  3. chemoreceptors
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11
Q

baroreceptors detect change in _________?

A

blood pressure

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12
Q

chemoreceptors detect change in ______?

A

pH

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13
Q

What is the center for temporature and water balance, autonomics?

A

Hypothalamus

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14
Q

What 2 dirrect acting hormones are secreated by the hypothalmus?

A
  1. ADH
  2. oxytocin
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15
Q

HHPS

A

Hypothalamic Hypophyseal Portal System

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16
Q

capillary-vein-capillary describes what kind of system?

A

protal system

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17
Q

The hypothalmous secreats releasing and inhibiting hormones that affect __________?

A

anterior pituitary

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18
Q

The Anterior Pituitary Gland is also called the _____________?

A

Adenohypothysis

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19
Q

Name the 7 hormones released by the anterior pituitary:

A

FLAT PEG

  1. FSH
  2. LH
  3. ACTH
  4. TSH
  5. PRL
  6. Endorphins
  7. GH
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20
Q

List the 3 structures that blood must pass through to travel from the brain to the heart:

A
  1. Dural Sinuses
  2. Jugular veins
  3. Superior Vena Cava
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21
Q

The ______ artery leads to the liver?

A

hepatic artery

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22
Q

What is a sinusoid and where is it most often found?

A

A leaky blood capillary that is irregulary shaped. Most often found in the liver.

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23
Q

Known as the “mixed gland” this gland has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

A

pancreas

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24
Q

What is the exocrine function of the pancreas?

A

secretion of digestive enzymens and sodium bicarbonate into the pancreatic duct that opens into the small intestine.

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25
What is the endocrine function of the pancreas?
secreates the hormones glucagon and insulin into the pancreatic vein via the HPV
26
HPV
Hepatic Portal Vein
27
Name 2 functions of the arteries leading to the GI tract:
1. digestion 2. absorption
28
Name the artery leading to the spleen?
Splenic artery
29
Name 2 functions of the spleen:
1. produces macrophages and lymphocytes for defence 2. recyles old RBCs
30
Name the 2 components of heme:
1. Fe2+ 2. bilirubin
31
globin is made up of what?
protein
32
the splenic vein leads to the _______ vein?
Hepatic Portal Vein (HPV)
33
The Hepatic Protal Vein (HPV) leads to what organ?
The liver.
34
Name 7 functions of the liver:
1. Processes glucose into glycogen 2. Prodeces plasma proteins like albumen 3. stores fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K 4. produces bile (bilirubin and cholesterol 5. stores Fe2+ 6. contians macrophages 7. detoxifies drugs and alcohol
35
Drains bile from liver into the gall bladder?
Hepatic Duct
36
Drains bile from the gall bladder?
Cystic duct
37
the cystic and hepaic duct combine to form the __________ duct?
**common bile** duct.
38
The common bile duct carries digestive enzymes from the _______ and bile form the _______ to the small intestine?
enzymes from the **pancreas** and bile from the **liver** to the small intestine.
39
Cleansed and nutrient-rich blood is drained from the liver by the __________ vein?
hepatic vein.
40
The ______ arteries supply the kidneys?
**renal** arteries.
41
Name 3 functions of the kidneys:
1. Urine formmation 2. Blood pressure regulation 3. Production of Erythropoietin (hormone)
42
Endocrine organs produce and release \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
hormones
43
Spungy bone produces ________ & \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Ca2+ & red blood cells.
44
Name the 3 waste products from muscle metabolism:
1. CO2 2. heat 3. lactic acid
45
What 2 hormones affect the reproductive organs?
1. FSH 2. LH
46
Name 3 hormones produced by the reproductive organs:
1. estrogen 2. progesterone 3. testosterone
47
What system regulates periferal circulartion to the skin and what is its purpous?
**Periferal nervous system** regulates periferal circulation inorder to regulate **body temporature.**
48
Name 3 finctions of the blood supply to the lymphatic organs:
1. **defence** * phagocytosis * production of antibodies
49
Name 2 functions of lymphatic circulation through lymph nodes:
1. **filters** and destroys _pathogens_ 2. **recycles** _excess fluids_ into blood circulation
50
Blood is considered\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ tissue?
connective tissue.
51
connetive tissue consists of what 2 elements?
1. Cells 2. Matrix
52
matrix in the blood is also known as what?
blood plasma
53
blood plasma is composed of what 6 elements?
1. water 2. electrolytes 3. proteins 4. hormones 5. antibodies 6. nutrients
54
Name the 3 types of cells found in blood:
1. WBC - lukocytes 2. RBC - erithrocytes 3. platelets
55
What is the normal RBC content per mm3 ?
4-6 million cells / mm3
56
What is the function of RBC?
to carrie O2
57
What are the normal ranges for Hemoglobin (Hb) in men and women respectively?
Men: 14-18gm / 100ml Women: 12-16gm / 100ml
58
What is the function of platets?
clotting
59
What is the normal blood platelet range?
150,000 - 450,000 platelets / mm3
60
What is the function of WBC?
defense
61
What is the normal range of WBC in the blood?
4000 - 11,000 cells / mm3
62
Name 2 types of WBC:
1. Granulocytes 2. Agranulocytes
63
What is this?
Basophil
64
What is this?
Eosinophil
65
What is this?
Lymphocyte
66
What is this?
Monocyte
67
What is this?
Neutrophil
68
Name 3 charictoristics of Granulocytes:
1. phogocytes 2. cytoplasmic granules 3. lobed nuclei
69
Name 2 charictoristics of agranulocytes:
1. no granulocytes 2. sperical or kidney-shaped nuclei
70
Name the 5 types of WBC and their percent WBC content:
1. Neutrophils 40-70% 2. Lymphocytes 20-45% 3. Monocytes 4-8% 4. Eosinophils 1-4% 5. Basophils 0.5%
71
Name 2 types of agranulocytes and their functions:
1. **Lymphocytes** - produce antibodies 2. **Monocytes** - are precurors to macrophages
72
Blood typing tests for _______ on the surface of RBCs?
**antigens**
73
Name the 4 major blood types and their respective **antigen** and **antibody(s)** if any.
1. Type A, A antigen, Anti-B antibody 2. Type B, B antigen, Anti-A antibody 3. TypeAB, A and B antigen, NO antibodies! (univeral recipiant) 4. Type O, neither A nor B antigens, Anti-A & Anti-B antibodies! (univeral donor)
74
D antigen present is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_?
Rh+
75
D antigen NOT present is called \_\_\_\_\_\_?
Rh-
76
Anti-D antibody is not naturally produced. How is Anti-D antibody production occure?
Rh- blood must be exsposed to Rh+ blood. This often occures at child birth.
77
What is **hematocrite** a reading of, and what are normal percentages in men and woman respectively?
Hematocrite is the **percent of RBC in total blood volume**. In **men 42-50%** is normal. In **women 35-45%** is normal.
78
What is hemoglobin content a reading of, and what are normal values for men and woman respectivly?
Hemoglobin is the iorn containing protein within the blood responcible for **carrying O2**. Normal amounts are: **Men 13-18 gm/mL blood** **Women 12-16 gm/mL blood**
79
What is the corrilation between hemoglobin and hematocrite?
Normally the **hematocrite (%)** should **= 3 x hemoglobin (gm/mL)**

A&P2 Lab Quizes (9 decks)

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