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SP14 Anatomy > EX2 The Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen > Flashcards

EX2 The Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

This is a thin, translucent, serous membrane where vessels tend to travel between the layers

A

peritoneum

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2
Q

What is the peritoneal sac

A

all visceral and parietal peritoneal membranes

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3
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity

A

a potential space within the peritoneal sac
contains serous fluid
allows organs to move freely

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4
Q

True or False

The peritoneal cavity may become filled with fluid

A

True; it can fill with fluid (ascites) and can cause disease and/or injury/infection

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5
Q

This attaches to the greater curvature of stomach and transverse colon; it drapes over the small intestine

A

greater omentum

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6
Q

The greater omentum serves to do what

A

it can wall off infections and inflammation site; an form adhesions

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7
Q

This ligament is the largest portion of the greater omentum and consist of 2 double layers –> 4 layers total

A

gastrocolic ligament

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8
Q

This attaches to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the duodenum and connect to the liver

A

lesser omentum

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9
Q

What are the two ligaments associated with the lesser omentum

A 
hepatogastric ligament (liver to stomach)
hepatodueodenal ligament (lifer to deodenum)
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10
Q

This ligament contains the portal triad

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament

it contains the hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct

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11
Q

This anchors most of the small intestine to posterior abdomen wall; running diagonally from duodenojejunal junction to ileocecal junction

A

mesentery proper

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12
Q

This fibromuscular ligament descends from the right crus of diaphragm crossing over the left crus and holds the duodenum in place (preventing sagging)

A

suspensory ligament of Treitz

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13
Q

This anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall

A

mesocolon

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14
Q

True or False

The ascending and descending colon have no mesentery; they are anchored directly to the posterior wall

A

True

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15
Q

The transverse and sigmoid colons are anchored by what type of mesocolon

A

transverse colon –> transverse mesocolon

sigmoid colon –> sigmoid mesocolon

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16
Q

True or False

The rectum is fully covered with peritoneum

A

False; it is only partially covered

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17
Q

This divides the liver into right and left lobes; anchors the liver to the diaphragm and anterior body wall

A

falciform ligament

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18
Q

This is an inferior extension of the falciform ligament of which contains the obliterated umbilical vein

A

round ligament

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19
Q

This is a reflection of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver; attaches the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm

A

coronary ligament

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20
Q

What are the single layered peritoneal folds

A

median umbilical fold
medial umbilical folds (2)
lateral umbilical folds (2)

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21
Q

The median umbilical fold covers what structure

A

fetal urachus

22
Q

The medial umbilical folds cover what structure

A

fetal umbilical artery

23
Q

The lateral umbilical folds cover what structure

A

inferior epigastric vessels

24
Q

True or False

potential peritoneal spaces in standing become actual spaces in recumbent patients

A

True; fluids can accumulate in these recesses

this is why it is important to move bedridden patients

25
Q

What are the peritoneal pouches that can become spaces in recumbent patients

A

hepatorenal pouch

rectovesical or retrouterine pouch

26
Q

This pouch is bounded by the liver, right kidney, colon, and duodenum

A

hepatorenal pouch (pouch of Morrison)

27
Q

This pouch is between the rectum and bladder

A

rectovesical and rectouterine pouch

28
Q

True or False

fluids can move between the hepatorenal and rectovesical/rectouterine pouches

A

True

29
Q

This organ detoxifies chemical products and produces bile

A

liver

30
Q

This organ stores bile for the emulsification of fats

A

gallbladder

31
Q

This organ produces enzymes for digestion

A

pancreas

32
Q

This organ produces lymphocytes and filters blood

A

spleen

33
Q

This organ is attached to inferior surface of the liver; contacts the duodenum, colon, and AAW

A

gallbladder

34
Q

These bile ducts receive bile from the right and left lobes of the liver

A

right and left hepatic ducts

35
Q

This bile ducts receives the right and left hepatic ducts

A

common hepatic duct

36
Q

This bile duct is connected to the gall bladder

A

cystic duct

37
Q

This bile duct receives cystic and common hepatic ducts

A

common bile duct

38
Q

The common bile duct joins which duct and they empty where

A

joins to main pancreatic duct

empty into the major duodenal papilla

39
Q

This organ consists of a head, neck, tail, and uncinate process; its retroperitoneal and transverse across PAW; surrounded by C-chaped duodenum on the right and spleen on the left

A

pancreas

40
Q

The enzymes of the pancreas drain via what ducts

A

main pancreatic duct (empties into duodenum)

accessory pancreatic duct (superior to the major papilla

41
Q

True or False

The drainage of the pancreas is variable

A

True

42
Q

This organ contacts the diaphragm along ribs 9-11

A

spleen

43
Q

The celiac trunk is the 1st major branch of which artery and supplies what, with what branches

A

branch of abdominal aorta
supplies liver, gall bladder, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and spleen
3 branches –> common hepatic, left gastric, splenic

44
Q

The common hepatic artery is a branch of what, supplies what, with what branches

A

right branch of celiac trunk
runs toward liver and gallbladder
2 branches –> proper hepatic and gastroduodenal

45
Q

The proper hepatic artery is a branch of what, runs toward where and supplies what (via what branches)

A

superior branch of common hepatic artery
runs toward liver; medial to common bile duct and superficial to portal vein
splits to R and L hepatic arteries supplying R and L lobes of the liver

46
Q

The gastroduodenal artery is a branch of what, runs where and supplies what (via what branches)

A

inferior branch of common hepatic
runs toward jxn of stomach and duodenum
sends pancreaticoduocenal artery to pancreas and duodenum
sends R gastroepiploic to greater curvature
sends supraduodenal to superior duodenum

47
Q

The left gastric artery is a branch of what, runs to where, and supplies what (via what branches)

A

superior branch of celiac trunk
runs left toward lesser curvature
supplies stomach and esophagus via esophageal branches

48
Q

The splenic artery is a branch of what, runs to where, and supplies what (via what branches)

A

left branch of celiac trunk
runs toward spleen; supplying pancreas and spleen
sends short gastric artery and left gastroepiploic artery which supplies greater curvature

49
Q

True or False

The hepatic artery has few variations

A

False; the hepatic artery has a significant number of variations; roughly 40%

50
Q

What type of complications can arise from cystic artery variations

A

the cystic artery can run posterior/anterior to the common hepatic duct and complications can cause constrictions

51
Q

True or False

Even with variations in the right gastric artery, anastomoses are always maintained

A

True

SP14 Anatomy (33 decks)

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