Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nutrition > Ex3 > Flashcards

Ex3 Flashcards

(82 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What does energy intake come from?

A

Foods, beverages.

Supplements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does energy output consist of?

A

Basil metabolic rate(BMR),

TEF, Activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the psychological DESIRE to eat?

A

Appetite ( driven by genetics and external stimuli )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the physiological NEED to at? Controlled by?

A

Hunger, hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the feeling of fullness?

A

Satiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What kind of foods do you want want to eat if you’re trying to increase satiation satiety?

A

Protein, LOW energy density foods. (High fiber)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do you want to eat if you want to decrease satiation and satiety? (Hungry faster)

A

Limit fructose consumed, eat less high fat foods, have a HIGHER energy density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Energy required to digest and absorb food?

A

Thermocouple effect of food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the energy required to maintain life when body is at complete rest?

A

Basal metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

BMR represents______% of total energy expenditure?

A

60-70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Do woman or men have higher BMR?

A

Men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of person has the highest BMR?

A

Tall, thin people have the highest BMR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

As surface area increase so does__________?

A

BMR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thermic Effect of Food (TRF) represents _____% of total energy expenditure

A

10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is found in chili and mustards that increases metabolic rate up to 33% for 3 hours after meal?

A

Capsaicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Daily activity represents _______% of the total energy expenditure ?

A

20-40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the energy used during sports or fitness exercise called?

A

Activity thermogenesis (AT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is activists of daily living and energy expended during leisure actives called?

A

Non exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What a factors affect AT (activity thermogenesis) ?

A

Body size, fitness level, excess post exercise oxygen levels = increased Metabolic rate after exercise has ceased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What method of calculating estimated resting metabolic rate is most common?

A

Mifflin-St. Jeor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How many calories are burned doing kettle bell snatches ?

A

20 cal per min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How many calories are burned per minute when standing and doing like work?

A

4.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How many calories are burned skiing per minute?

A

11.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

After glycogen stores are filled what happens?

A

Excess carbs turned into fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the positive energy balance breakdown?
Fill glycogen stores, excess carbs turned into fatty acids, dietary fat stored unto adipocytes, less lipolysis, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipocytes
26
What is the increase in the size of adipocytes ?
Hypertrophy
27
What is the increase in the number of adipocytes?
Hyperplasia
28
What is the mean adipose age site?
10 years
29
Can you lose adipose sites?
No, you can lose fat in the adipose sites but not the adipose sites
30
What is a enzyme that is the major determinant in obesity development?
Lipoprotein lipase
31
Lipoprotein lipase is more active where in males?
Abdomen
32
Lipoprotein lipase is more active where?
Breasts, hips, thighs
33
What is the body type that is associated with more health risks?
Android-type obesity
34
Android type obesity is associated with what shape and what sex?
Apple, male
35
Adjustment of metabolism to restore body to original weight after weight loss or gain is called?
Set point theory (changes are different that what would be expected from change in body comp)
36
What gene codes for leptin ?
Ob gene
37
What type of adipose tissue stores TG in a uniocular adipocyte ?
WAT
38
What adipose tissue is ATP and heat generation are uncoupled ?
BAT
39
BAT is inversely related to what?
Age, outdoor temp, BMI
40
Cold weather or introduction of cold stimulus may cause subcutaneous WAT to express BAT genes. Which is called what?
Beige fat
41
What is the difference in NEAT between lean and obese people per day?
350
42
Does BMI measure body fat?
No
43
A patient has a BMI < or = 16 equals what?
Severe thinness
44
A patient has a BMI between 16.0-16.9 =?
Moderate thinness
45
A patient has a BMI between 17.0 - 18.49 =?
Mild thinness
46
A patient has a BMI of 18.5 - 24.9 = ?
Healthy
47
A patient has a BMI of 25-29.5 =?
Preobese
48
A patient has a BMI of 30- 34.9 =?
Obese calls I
49
A patient has a BMI between 35.0- 39.9 =?
Obese class II
50
A patient with a BMI greater than or equal to 40 =?
Obese class III
51
What is the healthy WC for men?
Less than or equal to 40
52
What is the healthy WC for women?
Less than or equal to 35
53
What is the healthy WHR for men?
Less than or equal to 0.95
54
What is the healthy WHR for women ?
Less than or equal to 0.80
55
What is the healthy WHtR ?
Less than 0.5
56
What makes up lean body mass/fat free mass?
Muscle, bone, fluid
57
What type of adipose tissue will be reduced with exercise that shows or doesn't show weight loss?
VAT
58
What type of fat is easier to lose?
VAT
59
What are visceral WAT physiologic functions?
Angiogenesis, coagulation, appetite regulation
60
What 3 things stimulate lipolysis ?
TNF-alpha, IL-6, Resistin
61
What promotes beta cell apoptosis ?
TNF-alpha
62
What phosphorylates insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) causing insulin resistance ?
TNF-alpha
63
What is protective against beta cell apoptosis ?
IL-6
64
What inhibits secretion from beta cells?
Leptin
65
What is decreased during obesity and induces insulin sensitivity in muscle and adipose tissue?
Adiponectin
66
What Is increased during obesity, decreases muscles ability to take up fatty acids?
Resistin
67
What does an accumulation of FFA in the pancreas cause?
Beta cell failure
68
What does an accumulation of FFA in the liver cause?
NAFLD
69
What does an accumulation of FFA in the muscles cause?
Type 2 diabetes
70
What does an accumulation of FFA in the heart cause?
Heart disease
71
What does an accumulation of FFA in the endothelium vasocontraction cause?
Hypertension
72
What is a major site for lipid synthesis?
Endoplasmic reticulum
73
Excess adipose down regulates what?
Glutathione peroxidase
74
With lipotoxicity were able to detoxify less ROS, which leads to increased production of what?
Toxic lipid aldehydes
75
What can rescue endoplasmic reticulum stress?
Dietary antio
76
What is the theory behind excess fat fats being more likely to cause ER stress?
Due to Calcium depletion
77
What are the two ways to measure body comp that use 3 components ?
DEXA, MRI
78
What are symptoms of metabolic syndrome ?
High BP, Insulin reistance ,high TG, low HDL, high waist circumference
79
95% of eating disorders are between what ages?
12-25
80
If you crave ice chips you have a deficiency in what?
Iron
81
Is Pica an eating disorder ?
No
82
What is a pattern of eating non food materials at an age when it is developmentally inappropriate?
Pica

Nutrition (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions