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Ecology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Developed a theory of natural selection that was similar to Darwins

A

Alfred Russell Wallace

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2
Q

Is the evolution of similar analogous traits in distantly related groups

A

Convergent

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3
Q

The interaction of abiotic community and its abiotic environment is referred to as

A

Ecosystem

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4
Q

A predator consuming prey would occur at the organizational level of the

A

Community

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5
Q

The _ zone is the habitat on the bottom of the ocean

A

Benthic

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6
Q

In a ___ biome, climate changes with elevation and latitude

A

Mountain

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7
Q

Can be defined as any change in the frequency of alleles within agenepool from one generation to the next

A

Evolution

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8
Q

____ ecology applies principles from different fields including ecology economics, and sociology to preserve biodiversity

A

Conservation

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9
Q

The ___ record provides evidence of the extinction of species the origin of new groups and changes within groups overtime

A

Fossil

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10
Q

The term “ecology” is defined as the study of the

A

Relationships between organisms and their environment

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11
Q

_____ ecology is concerned with the responses of individual organisms to environment conditions

A

Physiological

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12
Q

_______ structures are remnants of features that served important functions in an organism ancestors

A

Vestigial

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13
Q

Incoming radiation exceeds outgoing radiation at or near

A

The equator

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14
Q

Which economist influenced Darwin’s conception of natural selection?

A

Thomas Malthus

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15
Q

Which of the following is green house gas?

A

Carbon dioxide

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16
Q

Inhabitants of the intertidal zone are adopted to____ existence.

A

Amphibious

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17
Q

Individual beak size of individual finches of the Galapagos islands

A

Will greatly influence individual survival

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18
Q

Approximately 80% of the solar energy striking the ocean is absorbed in the first______ meters of depth

A

10

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19
Q

Which side of the mountain receives the most precipitation?

A

Windward side

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20
Q

Which of the following is an example of a biome?

A

Tropical rainforest

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21
Q

The mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin the origin of species is

A

Natural selection

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22
Q

A______ is the descriptive generalization about now the physical world behaves

A

Law

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23
Q

Relative humidity is the

A

Amount of water vapor in the air relative to the saturation vapor pressure

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24
Q

A scientist wants to manipulate glucose levels in amphibious to determine freeze tolerance at -5 C. Which would suit this question?

A

Lab experiment

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25
Which of the following represents the correct organization of ecological systems from the lowest to the highest level of organization?
Individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
26
Consider the question: "why do tropical rain forrest's support a greater diversity of species than temperate forests?" at of o which level organization would this be addressed?
Global!
27
A small headwater stream is considered to be ____ order
First
28
The ____ zone consists of the shallow shoreline otocean
Littoral
29
Cold water contains more oxygen than warm water
True!.
30
Islands often have _____ species that are related to species that occur on nearby mainlands
Endemic
31
The correct sequence of scientific method is?
Observation, ask a question, form a hypothesis, test a hypothesis, form a theory
32
An ecologists conducts a greenhouse experiment to study effects of nitrogen concentration on the productivity of sunflower stealings what is the independent variable in this experiment
Concentration of nitrogen
33
The ____ ocean is the smallest ocean basin with an area under 75 million km.
Indian
34
The systematic patterns of water movement are known as
Currents
35
The upper layer of warm less dense water is referred to as the
Epilimnion
36
____ ecology uses principles of ecosystem function to restore and manage disturbed areas
Restoration
37
_____ is the scientific study of the process influencing the disruption and abundance of organisms the interactions among organisms and the interactions between organisms and the transformation and flux of energy and matter.
Ecology
38
An integrated set of hypotheses that together explain a broader set of observations is considered
Theory
39
Evolution occurs at the level of the
Population
40
You are monitoring a section of a creek that has recently been logged. What would you predict about the change in the average water temperature in that section?
It would increase
41
A ______ zone is transitional area between the aquatic and upland terrestrial environments
Riparian
42
A____ is a layer of water through which temperature changes rapidly with depth
Thermocline
43
The fitness of an individual is measured by
The proportionate contribution it makes to future generations
44
____ selection increases the adaption of organisms to their environment over time.
Natural
45
What might be an accurate albedo measurement of the surface of a glacier?
0.9
46
The specific traits of a particular organism enabling it to survive, grow and reproduce within a given environment are could
Adaptations
47
Why do beaches often have less extreme temperature variation than inland areas?
The ocean moderates the temperature
48
About 75% of the earths surfaces covered by
Water!
49
Because ecology relies on many different branches of science it is considered
Interdisciplinary
50
During his travels to HMS _____, Darwin collected many plant and animal specimens
Beagle
51
The turnover rate of water is longer in the ocean than in the atmosphere
True!
52
Coral reefs and kelp beds are both limited by
Temperature
53
In comparison with epilimnion of a lake, the water of the hypolimnion is
Cooler
54
Without the greenhouse effect, the earth would
Be much colder than it is currently
55
The Great Lakes of North America contain approximately____ of the freshwater in the world
20%
56
A____ is an abstract simplified representation of a real system
Model
57
An ecologist who focuses on the individual could study au of the following except
Death Rate
58
Most of the earths water resides in
The oceans
59
The difference between climate and weather is that
Climate is long term pattern of weather
60
Salinity oxygen concentration and put are considered _____ conditions of an organisms environment
Chemical
61
The transformation of water from a liquid state to a gaseous state is known as
Evaporation
62
Only 51% of incoming solar radiation actually reaches earth's surface. Most of the remaining 49% of incoming radiation is reflected back to space by
Clouds by the atmosphere
63
The basic unit of ecology is the individual because it
Passes genetic information to successful individuals
64
Science proves
Nothing
65
As air rises over a mountain it
Cools and tends to lose moisture in the form of precipitation
66
______ reefs hug the shores of continents
Fringing
67
Which of the following is a cornerstone of the science of ecology?
Darwins theory of natural selection
68
The soil horizon in which leached mineral particles such as clay and salts tend to accumulate is the
B horizon
69
Photosynthetic organisms in the ocean are limited to the upper ____ zone
Epipelagic
70
The real goal of hypothesis testing is to
Eliminate incorrect ideas.
71
All population of different species living and interaction within an ecosystem are referred to collectively as a
Community
72
The surface layer of soils is referred to as the
O horizon
73
Which of the following is considered an abiotic component of the ecosystem?
Temperature
74
Covered by water even during low tides
Infrallittoral zone or subtidal zone
75
Which of the following questions is most appropriate to an investigation at the landscape level?
Which factors give rise to the spatial extent and arrangement of the various ecosystems?
76
Seasonal variation in solar radiation, temperature, and day length is due to the
Tilt of the earths axis
77
____ structures are anatomical resemblance that represent variations On a structural theme present in a common ancestor
Homologus
78
In the ____ zone of a lake the temperature changes with depth
Thermocline
79
Moisture and concentration of oxygen
Are part of an organisms environment

Ecology (3 decks)

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