Exam 1

Question 1

__________ is considered to be activities involving power and skill, competition, strategy and/or chance, and engaged in for the enjoyment and satisfaction of the participant and/or others.

Play

Exercise

Recreation

Sport

Physical activity

Answer 1

Sport

Question 2

This individual is considered to be the Father of North American Sport Psychology.

Philip Wrigley

Bruce Ogilvie

Norman Triplett

Dan Gould

Coleman Griffith

Answer 2

Coleman Griffith

Question 3

Social-psychological orientation

Answer 3

Behavior is determined by a complex interaction of the environment (especially the social environment) and the personal make-up of the athlete or exerciser.

Question 4

Cognitive-behavioral orientation

Answer 4

Behavior is determined by both the environment and thoughts (cognitions).

Question 5

Psychophysiological orientation

Answer 5

Examines underlying psychophysiological processes of the brain (or heart, muscle, etc.) in terms of primary causes of behavior.

Question 6

This sport psychology specialty area often works with athletes on issues like eating disorders and substance abuse. They are also required to be licensed psychologists in the state they practice.

Educational Sport Psychologist

Experimental Sport Psychologist

Clinical Sport Psychologist

Mental Performance Coach

Certified Mental Performance Consultant

Answer 6

Clinical Sport Psychologist

Question 7

Dr. Olson is conducting an experiment examining the effects of goat yoga on anxiety symptoms. The dependent variable(s) in this study is/are:

goat yoga

neither anxiety symptoms nor goat yoga

both anxiety symptoms and goat yoga

anxiety symptoms

Answer 7

anxiety symptoms

Question 8

An experiment examining the effects of competition on anxiety would be an example of objective #1 (the scientific study of how psychological factors affect performance) within sport and exercise psychology.

True
False

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Training component- outcome
Technical training
control
strategy
speed

Answer 9

strategy

Question 10

Training component- outcome
Mental training
control
strategy
speed

Answer 10

control

Question 11

Training component- outcome
Physical training
control
strategy
speed

Answer 11

speed

Question 12

Identify the three roles of a sport psychology practitioner.

Answer 12

consulting
research
teaching

Question 13

This type of research consists of historical accounts, philosophic ideas, literature reviews, and meta-analyses.

descriptive

analytical

qualitative

experimental

case-study

Answer 13

analytical

Question 14

_________ is a process, or method of learning about the world through systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical filtering of knowledge acquired through experience.

Sport

Science

Theory

Guessing

Psychology

Answer 14

Science

Question 15

According to this approach, behavior is determined by the person (traits) and situational factors, as well as their interaction.

Trait approach

Psychodynamic approach

Interactional approach

Phenomenological approach

Situational approach

Answer 15

Interactional approach

Question 16

This part of a person’s personality structure is the least stable and is heavily influenced by the situation.

Role-related behavior

Psychological core

None of the above

Typical responses

Foundational component

Answer 16

Role-related behavior

Question 17

Personality is the sum of the characteristics that make a person unique.

True

False

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Match the Personality Structure approach to its definition.
Psychodynamic approach

Answer 18

Understanding the person as a whole, rather than identifying isolated traits

Question 19

Match the Personality Structure approach to its definition.
Phenomenological approach

Answer 19

Similar to the interactional approach, except a person’s experiences and personal perceptions of the world are critical

Question 20

Match the Personality Structure approach to its definition.
Trait approach

Answer 20

Personality traits predispose one to act in a certain way regardless of the situation

Question 21

Match the Personality Structure approach to its definition.
Situational approach

Answer 21

Behavior is determined by the situation or environment (e.g., modeling or reinforcement)

Question 22

This type of personality assessment should be used when measuring current (in the moment) stress levels of an athlete during competition.

trait-general

state-general

state-situation

trait-situation

Answer 22

state-situation

Question 23

Personality research in sport and exercise psychology has identified a specific personality profile that consistently discriminates athletes from non-athletes.

True

False

Answer 23

False

Question 24

__________ is/are the way we learn to adjust to the environment.

Psychological core

Role-related behavior

Resilience

Typical responses

Belief systems

Answer 24

Typical responses

Question 25

This is one of the most widely used models of personality that describes personality traits on a continuum and categorizes people into personality types. Model of Personality Measurement The Personality Matrix Personality Categorization System The Personality Continuum Model The Five Factor Model

Answer 25

The Five Factor Model

Question 26

This researcher developed the Dimensions of Personality (1947), where two main personality traits were viewed on a continuum. Hans Eysenck Raymond Cattell William P. Morgan Sigmund Freud Bradley Hatfield

Answer 26

Hans Eysenck

Question 27

Identify the three main sources of measurement error in sport and exercise psychology research.

Answer 27

social desirability reliability and validity sample characteristics

Question 28

________ is a disposition to strive for satisfaction when making comparisons with some standard of excellence in the presence of “evaluative others”. Self-identity Self-motivation Competitiveness Achievement motivation Intrinsic motivation

Answer 28

Competitiveness

Question 29

During the social comparison stage of achievement motivation and competitiveness, individuals aim to master their environment and perform self-testing to become proficient at a task. true false

Answer 29

false

Question 30

According to Ewing and Seefeldt (1996), which is a motive cited for youth sport participation? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) Being with friends Experiencing excitement Improving skills Developing fitness Having fun

Answer 30

ALL!

Question 31

Motivation is defined as the ______ and ______ of effort.

Answer 31

Direction and Intensity

Question 32

Identify the factor(s) that is/are associated with continued involvement in an exercise program. Fitness Weight loss Health factors Program enjoyment Self-challenge

Answer 32

Program enjoyment

Question 33

Achievement motivation can best be viewed as: An environmental factor A situational factor An attributional factor A personality factor An unstable factor

Answer 33

A personality factor

Question 34

Findings from the Sorrentino and Sheppard (1978) study suggest that starting the best individual athletes may not guarantee the best team. (i.e., taking the four fastest individual runners may not equal the fastest relay team). true false

Answer 34

true

Question 35

Primary determinants of the situation-centered view include the coaching style, facility attractiveness, and record of the team. true false

Answer 35

true

Question 36

This theory focuses on how people explain their success and failures.

Answer 36

attribution theory

Question 37

According to the guidelines for building motivation, behavior modification should be used to change an athletes' undesirable motives. true false

Answer 37

true