Exam 1 Flashcards
(32 cards)
3 functions of beef cattle
dairy, beef, draft
3 stages of labor
initiation of parturition, delivery of calf, delivery of placenta
3 P’s of parturition
presentation, position, posture
top 5 countries in total number of cattle and buffalo head
India, Brazil, Pakistan, USA, China
which country leads in beef cattle production efficiency
USA
which country leads in beef consumption
Argentina
what country receives the highest number of US beef exports
South Korea
signs of parturition
standing alone, not eating, amniotic sack, discharge, swollen vulva
common causes of dystopia
-fetal maternal disproportion
-abnormal presentation
-uterine torsion
-multiple births
how to distinguish between a calf’s front and rear legs in the birth canal
the front leg’s joints go in the same direction while the back leg joints go opposite ways
maximum amount of force that should be applied during delivery
2 people, 400 psi
what is an episiotomy?
incision to enlarge vulva for delivery
what is meconium?
calf’s first bowel movement, often stains skin and indicates a stressful delivery
which US state has the largest population of beef cows?
Texas
what is the mean cow herd size in the US
53
largest factor influencing net income?
annual cost/cow unit
what is the largest single component of cow costs
feed
how many pairs of chromosomes do cattle have
30 pairs
qualitative traits
controlled by 1 or 2 gene pairs, horned or polled
quantitative traits
several gene pairs contribute, weaning weight
5 factors that influence genetic selection
-heritability
-selection differential (intensity)
-genetic correlation
-generation interval
-number of selection traits
heritability
proportion of differences observed that is transmitted through progeny
selection differential
difference between average or trait and actual outcome (reach)
genetic correlation
can be +/-, different traits can be effected by the same genes
