Exam 1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What best describes a p-value?
The probability of obtaining the observed data if the null hypothesis were correct
What does it mean if a statistical test has p-value of 0.0001 and a very low effect size?
The observed pattern is statistically significant but does not explain very much of the variance in the data set
What does the box of a box and whisker plot represent?
The region when the middle 50% of the observations are
What biome is Riverside in?
Chaparral
What factors have the greatest impact on the vegetation and animals that inhabit regions of the world?
Temperature and precipitation
Why are regions with upwelling particularly productive?
Nutrient level are high in the photic zone
Which of the following is a measure of primary productivity?
a. the amount CO2 produced
b. the relative reflectance of near infrared to red light
c. total community biomass produced
d. All of the above
b. the relative reflectance of near infrared to red light
Which tropic level in an ecosystem has the most biomass?
a. primary produces
b. primary consumers
c. secondary consumers
d. decomposers
a. primary produces
In an ecosystem the gross primary productivity is 22,000 kcal/m^2/year. Respiration from the primary producers is 12,000 kal/m^2/year. The primary producers have a net production of 1,000 kcal/m^2/year. What is the TITLE in this system from primary producers to primary consumers?
a. 5%
b.10%
c.15%
d.20%
b.10%
Which of the following does not have atmosphere as a major component of its cycle?
a. Nitrogen
b. Phosphorus
c. Water
d. Carbon
b. Phosphorus
How does nitrogen move from the atmosphere to the biosphere?
Production of industrial fertilizer by humans
Which of the following is not a macronutrient required by living things?
a. Calcium
b. Nitrogen
c. Sodium
d. Sulfur
d. Sulfur
How does carbon move from the biosphere into the atmosphere?
Respiration
Which of the following is an example of climate?
a. There was a storm last winter and the roads all flooded
b. Summers in Riverside tend to be hot and dry, but occasionally we get a summer storm
c. This morning there was serious fog as I was driving into campus
d. All of the above
b. Summers in Riverside tend to be hot and dry, but occasionally we get a summer storm
How does greenhouse gas directly affect climate?
They prevent heat from escaping into space
Why is summer the warmest time of the year in the northern hemisphere?
Its when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun
What causes Milankovitch cycle?
Gravatational pull from the sun, moon, Jupiter and Mars
What is the approximate cycle of solar intensity shifts?
a. 10,000-100,000 years
b. 9-11 years
c. 100-200 years
d. 1,000-2,000 years
b. 9-11 years
Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?
a. CO2
b. CH4
c. Ar
d. N2O
c. Ar
Which of the following are needed to calculate the Shannon Index?
a. function of each species in the ecosystem
b. productivity at each trophic level in the habitat
c. Number of species and proportion of individuals from each species
d. Near red reflectance and infrared reflectance
c. Number of species and proportion of individuals from each species
How would the loss of fungi (a common decomposer) in a forest ecosystem affect biogeochemical cycles in the system?
Carbon would accumulate in dead organic matter and waste
