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Pharm 2 > Exam 1- 2024 > Flashcards

Exam 1- 2024 Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

Which of the following antibiotics may NOT be used in pregnancy:

  • Amoxicillin
  • Azithromycin
  • Cephalexin
  • Doxycycline
A

Doxycicline

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2
Q

Which of the following is most likely to have drug-drug interactions?

A

Fluconazole

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3
Q

Bevacizumab is commonly associated with which of the following side effects?

A

Increased bleeding

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4
Q

Which of the following prohibits assembly of new retroviral cells?

A

Protease inhibitors

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5
Q

When is it appropriate for antibiotic prophylaxis?

A

Prosthetic heart valve

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6
Q

What procedure is considered high risk for infective endocarditis?

A

Tooth extraction

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7
Q

Which of the following viruses is not a life-long infection?

A

Influenza A

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8
Q

Which of the following would lessen the effects of Influenza A?

A

Ostelamivir (tamiflu)

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9
Q

What is the MOA of flucanozle?

A

Prevents conversion of Ianosterol to Ergosterol

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10
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Zoledronate (Zometa)?

A

Impairs ability of osteoclasts to form ruffled border to adhere to the bony surface

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Zolendronic Acid (Zometa) on breast cancer?

A

Inhibits synergistic effect of osteoclasts on breast cancer

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12
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Bevacizumab?

A

Inhibits VEGF from binding VEGF receptor

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13
Q

To what class of drugs does oxaliplatin belong to?

A

Platinum compounds

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14
Q

Which of the following antibiotics is commonly recommended for prophylaxis when CD4 counts drops below 50 cells/mm^3?

A

Azithromycin

(under 200 and under 100 = Bactrim)

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15
Q

Which of the following scenarios suggests need for adjunctive systemic antibiotics in a patient with a periodontal abscess?

A

Systemic symptoms (fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy)

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16
Q

In a patient with xerostomia and mild oral candidiasis, which of the following is least likely to cause irritation?

A

Nystatin suspension (Mycostatin)

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17
Q

Which of the following agents has the lowest potential for drug-drug interactions?

A

Nystatin suspension (mycostatin)

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18
Q

You note that the patient is on once weekly Azithromycin . What does the patient likely have?

A

HIV; CD4 count below 50, and MAC

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19
Q

Which of the following is used for HIV management?

A

Genvoya (Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Tenofovir AF, Emtricitabine)

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20
Q

What is the mechanism of action for nystatin?

A

Binds directly to ergosterol

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21
Q

Which of the following drugs have interactions with warfarin?

A

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

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22
Q

Which type of bacteria is primarily seen in early odontogenic infections?

A

Gram positive aerobes

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23
Q

Which of the following is the main pathogen of bacterial endocarditis?

A

Streptococcus

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24
Q

Which of the following antibiotics is active against gram negatives, anaerobes and bactericides?

A

Augmentin

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25
Which of the following antibiotics would be most appropriate for a dental infection lasting more than 3 days?
augmentin
26
What is the MOA of beta-lactamases?
Binds to PCN binding proteins (PBP); inhibits cell wall synthesis
27
Which of the following antibiotics hast the best activity against anaerobic organisms?
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
28
Which of the following cases would you NOT prescribe Cephalexin?
Blistering rash
29
Denosumab (Xgeva) has what mechanism of action?
Binds RANKL and prevents binding to RANK
30
A patient comes in saying they are receiving treatment for Osteoporosis and also has active periodontal disease. Which of the following is true?
Risk for MRONJ is low (0-0.1%) so benefit of treatment outweighs risk, but should still be considered for prophylaxis
31
Which of the following has all the required information for a prescription?
Amox 500mg x 4 capsules x1 PO 30-60 min before appointment #4 capsules
32
Calculate the dose of amoxicillin for a 37lb kid using amoxicillin 20kg/mg/day
125 mg q 8 hrs
33
Which of the following is a monoclonal antibody?
Denosumab
34
Tooth pain, cold liquids hurt, recent cancer treatment started, which chemo is likely the cause of the tooth pain?
Oxaliplatin
35
All of the following are beta lactams EXCEPT:
Azithromycin (PCN, amox, and cephalosporins are)
36
Strep viridian's has the greatest resistance to:
Azithromycin
37
Which of the following describes why we prescribe amoxicillin 3x per day?
Its half life is 1 hr and is CONCENTRATION dependent
38
What bacteria is responsible for perio abscess?
Bacteriodes
39
Which of the following abx has the highest association with C. diff?
Clindamycin (cleocin)
40
Which most commonly has drug-drug interactions?
Erythromycin
41
What systemic antibiotics would you use for an already immunosuppressed patient?
Amoxicillin
42
What drug is known to cause immunosuppression?
Methotrexate
43
Clavulonate helps beta-lactams against bacteria that produce:
beta-lactamase
44
Diarrhea is a common side effect of:
Augmentin
45
Which of the following is not recommended in the recipe for magic mouthwash?
Dexamethasone
46
Blistering rash before amoxicciln ??
47
Which of the following drugs have interactions with warfarin?
FLucanozole
48
What CANNOT cause MRONJ?
Tacrolimus
49
Strongest CYP3A4 inhibitor?
RItonavir
50
Key to selective toxicity:
Viral Thymine Kinase:
51
What is true about viruses?
Post effect
52
Pt has influence she should take meds within:
48 hours
53
Augmentin side effect:
diarrhea
54
Resistance:
beta-lactamase
55
Late infection:
gram - anaerobes
56
Which of the following is the backbone of HAART:
Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTI)
57
Bevacizumab is associated with what side effect?
Increased bleeding
58
What procedure is considered high risk for infective endocarditis history?
Manipulation of gingiva
59
Which of the following would lessen the effects of Influenza A?
Oseltamivir (tamiflu)
60
MOA of Flucanazole?
Prevents conversion of Ianosterol to ergosterol
61
Zoledronic Acid (Zometa) effect on breast cancer?
Inhibits synergistic effect of osteoclasts on breast cancer
62
MOA of Bevacizumab?
Inhibits VEGF from binding VEGF receptor
63
What is the mechanism of action for Nystatin?
Binds directly to ergosterol
64
Bacteria seen in early odontogenic infections?
gram positive aerobes
65
What is the mechanism of action of beta lactams?
Prevents cell wall synthesis
66
Which of the following antibiotics has the best activity against anaerobic organisms?
Metronidazole (flagyl)
67
Which of the following drugs act directly on cell wall formation?
Amoxicillin
68
Patient states that he is on a cyclosporine. Which of the following ISNT true?
He is at risk for MRONJ (he is at risk for gingival hyperplasia, has high risk of infection and has issues with fluconazole)
69
Which of the following are beta-lactams?
PCN, Amox, Cephalosporins
70
Streptococcus Virginians has the greatest resistance to:
Azithromycin
71
AMOXICILLIN IS 1HR AND TIME DEPENDENT
72
What systemic antibiotic would you use for an already immunosuppressed patient?
Amoxicillin
73
What drug is known to cause immunosuppression?
Methotrexate
74
Initiation of fluconazole (diflucan) for oropharyngeal candidiasis would create a drug interaction with which of the following medications?
Cyclosporine
75
Cancer cells have what characteristics:
Low differentiation, high proliferation
76
What type of drug is Cysplatin?
Platinum compound
77
A patient is immunosuppressed, what drug do you give them?
Amoxicillin
78
What inhibits viral assembly?
Protein inhibitor
79

Pharm 2 (11 decks)

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