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Flashcards in Exam 1 Deck (45)
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1
Q

loctose, or milk sugar is composed of one glucose unit & one galactose unit. it is thus classified as:

A

disaccharide

2
Q

the typical energy storage form of carbohydrates in animals is

A

glycogen

3
Q

molecules that contain the element_ are considered organic

A

carbon

4
Q

which one of the following illustrates hydrolysis?

A

the reaction of a fat to form glycerol & fatty acids with utilization of water

5
Q

the basic building block molecules that make up carbohydrates

A

monosaccharides

6
Q

in condensation reactions, the atoms that make up the expelled water are derived from

A

both the reactants

7
Q

a certain protein molecule consists of 4 subunits: each is a folded polypeptide chain with an alpha helix. Considering this information, which structural levels of organization must the molecule have?

A

primary, secondary, tertiary, & quaternary

8
Q

saturated fatty acids

A

have a higher ratio of hydrogen to carbon than do unsaturated

9
Q

the versatility of carbon to serve as the backbone for a variety of different molecules is due to

A

carbon forms covalent bonds, and has the ability to form 4 covalent bonds

10
Q

_ are molecules that have the same molecular composition but differ in structure and/or bonding association

A

isomers

11
Q

which of the following is not a monomer subunit of biological macromolecules?

A

lipids

12
Q

which of the following are polysaschcharides

A

A,B,C

13
Q

which of the following best summarizes the relationship between dehydration reactions & hydrolysis?

A

dehydration assemble polymers and hydrolysis breaks them down

14
Q

a pleated sheet is formed when parallel strands of a polypeptide chain are joined by hydrogen bonds. This is an example of

A

secondary structure

15
Q

which of the following is true of cellulose

A

it is a major structural component of plant cell walls

16
Q

which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides?

A

a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar

17
Q

all the places on earth where living organisms are found

A

biosphere

18
Q

which of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex level

A

molecule, cell, organ system, population, ecosystem, biosphere

19
Q

in terms of hierarchal organization of life, a bacterium is at the _ level of organization, whereas a human is at the _ level of organization

A

single celled, multicellular

20
Q

the _ is found both in prokaryotes & eukaryotes

A

ribosome

21
Q

The_ is associated with intracellular digestion

A

lysosome

22
Q

which of the following is correctly matched

A

nucleolus: site of ribosome synthesis

23
Q

the _ is frequently attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

A

ribosome

24
Q

the_ is the site of enzyme synthesis

A

ribosome

25
Q

All of that following can be found in prokaryotic cells except

A

Golgi Apparatus

26
Q

Ribosomes occur in

A

both prokaryotic & eukaryotic

27
Q

which structure below “packages” substances prior to their removal from the cell by exocytosis?

A

Golgi apparatus

28
Q

Insulin is a protein secreted by cells of the pancreas. What is the pathway for the syntheisis & secretion of insulin?

A

Rough ER, Golgi apparatus, vesicle, cell membrane

29
Q

The structure taken from an animal cell most likely to contain hydrolytic enzymes is the

A

lysosome

30
Q

Which of the following structures is more prominent & more developed in a typical plant cell than in a typical animal cell?

A

vacuole

31
Q

which of the following are prokaryotic cells?

A

bacteria

32
Q

which organelle is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils, phospholipids, & steroids

A

Smooth ER

33
Q

the cell theory states

A

all of these

34
Q

A cell has the following molecules & structures: enzyme, DNA,ribosomes, cell membrane, & mitochondria. It could be a cell from

A

a plant or an animal

35
Q

the sodium- potassium pump is an example of

A

facilitated diffusion

36
Q

An animal cell is placed in an isotonic medium containing glucose. The plasma membrane of the cell has a transport mechanism that is specific for glucose uptake. Assuming that the other solutes neither enter nor leave the cell & that glucose cannot leak back out, which one of the following will occur?

A

the cell will remain constant

37
Q

Potato cell placed in seawater will

A

lose water & become flaccid

38
Q

which of the following types of molecules are the major structural components of the cell membrane?

A

phospholipids & proteins

39
Q

In an attempt to replenish body fluids, a patient who has had a serious hemorrhage accidentally receives a large transfusion of distilled water directly into one of his veins. This would probably

A

Have serious, perhaps fatal, consequences because the red blood cells would tend to burst

40
Q

facilitated diffusion across a semipermeable membrane

A

involves passive transport (as opposed to active)

41
Q

active transport

A

involves a carrier & energy

42
Q

Materials may be taken into cells by the following processes, except

A

exocytosis

43
Q

all of the following are functions of membrane protiens except

A

protein synthesis

44
Q

which of the following would likely diffuse through the cell membrane most rapidly?

A

CO2

45
Q

White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process?

A

Phagocytosis