Exam 2

Question 1

Enzymes speed up reactions by

Answer 1

lowering the activation energy necessary to initiate the reaction

Question 2

Which of the following factors may alter the function of an enzyme?

Answer 2

Cofactors, pH, and temperature

Question 3

The sum total of all reactions that occur within a cell is referred to as

Answer 3

metabolism

Question 4

inorganic ions temporarily bound to an enzyme in order to promote a chemical reaction are known as

Answer 4

cofactors

Question 5

which of the following describes some aspect of metabolism

Answer 5

synthesis of macromolecules, breakdown of macromolecules, and control of enzyme activity

Question 6

which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into small ones?

Answer 6

catabolism

Question 7

how can one increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 7

add a catalyst

Question 8

which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?

Answer 8

enzymes increase the rate of a reaction

Question 9

Substance A functions as a(n)

Answer 9

allosteric inhibitor

Question 10

Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because

Answer 10

their enzymes have high optimal temperatures

Question 11

Which of the following pathways occurs in the cytoplasm?

Answer 11

glycolysis

Question 12

The net products of glycolysis are

Answer 12

2 PYR 2 ATP 2 NADH

Question 13

When muscle becomes anaerobic during strenuous exercise, why is it necessary to convert pyruvate to lactic acid?

Answer 13

To decrease NADH & increase NAD

Question 14

When oxygen is utilized to synthesize ATP, this is known as

Answer 14

Aerobic respiration

Question 15

Which of the following occurs in the cytosol?

Answer 15

glycolysis

Question 16

Which one of the following is not a product of the citric acid cycle?

Answer 16

H_2_o

Question 17

The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event?

Answer 17

Accepting electrons & H+ a the end of the electron transport chain

Question 18

Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen is present or absent?

Answer 18

glycolysis

Question 19

in glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate

Answer 19

2 molecules of ATP are used and 4 are produced

Question 20

How many carbon atoms are fed into the citric acid cycle as a result of the oxidation of one molecule of pyruvate?

Answer 20

2

Question 21

all of the following are functions of the citric acid cycle except

Answer 21

adding electrons & H+ to O2

Question 22

how mmany molecules of CO2 would be produced by 5 turns of the citric acid cycle

Answer 22

10

Question 23

Co2 is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration?

Answer 23

transistion reaction & citric acid cycle

Question 24

cellular respiration harvests the most chemical energy from which of the following?

Answer 24

electron transport system

Question 25

in the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, resulting in the production of

Answer 25

ATP, CO2, alcohol

Question 26

The water necessary for photosynthesis

Answer 26

provides the electrons to replace lost electrons in photosystem II

Question 27

The cyclic electron flow that occurs via photosystem I produces

Answer 27

ATP

Question 28

During the first phase of the Calvin cycle, CO2 is incorporated into RuBP by

Answer 28

rubisco

Question 29

The NADPH produced during the light reaction is necessary for

Answer 29

reduction producing carbohydrates inthe calvin cycle

Question 30

oxygen released by plants during photosynthesis comes from

Answer 30

H2O

Question 31

Which of the following organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plants & algae

Answer 31

chloroplasts

Question 32

TF-The calvin cycle reactions are sometimes referred to as the dark reaction because they can occur in the presence of wavelengths of visible light

Answer 32

false

Question 33

Organisms that can exist with light as an energy source & an inorganic form of carbon & other raw materials

Answer 33

are called phototrophs

Question 34

which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?

Answer 34

ATP & NADPH

Question 35

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

Answer 35

Stroma

Question 36

A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visable light are not being absorbed by this pigment

Answer 36

red and yellow

Question 37

during photosynthesis, visable light has enough energy to

Answer 37

excite electrons

Question 38

which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis are true?

Answer 38

a,b,c are true

Question 39

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

Answer 39

synthesize simple sugars from CO2

Question 40

in which phase are chromosomes replicated?

Answer 40

S

Question 41

A replicated chromosome is composed of

Answer 41

2 sister chromatids held together at the centromere

Question 42

during crossing over in meiosis I

Answer 42

homologous chromosomes exchange material

Question 43

The process by which haploid cells are produced from a cell that was originally diploid is most accurately referred to as

Answer 43

meiosis

Question 44

TF- during cytokinesis, plant cells form a cleavage furrow & animal cells form a cell plate

Answer 44

false

Question 45

Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during

Answer 45

anaphase 1

Question 46

which of the following forms of mutation does not alter chromosome structure?

Answer 46

Inversion, deletion, duplication and translocation

Question 47

All of the following occur during prophase of mitosis in animal cells except

Answer 47

the chromosomes are replicated

Question 48

during which phases of mitosis are chromosomes composed of two chromatids

Answer 48

from G2 of interphase through metaphase

Question 49

Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis I

Answer 49

homologous chromosomes are separated

Question 50

which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis

Answer 50

alignment of tetrads at metaphase plate & synapsis