Flashcards in Exam 1 Deck (55)
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1
refers to any computer based tool that people use to work with information and to support the information and information- processing needs of an organization
information technology (IT)
2
collects,processes,stores, analyzes and disseminates information for a specific purpose.
Information systems (IS)
3
a person who is knowledgable about information systems and information technology
informed user
4
refer to an elementary description of things, events activities, and transactions that are recorded, classified, and stored, but are not organized to convey an specific meaning
Data items
Examples: numbers, letters, figures, sounds and images
5
refers to the data that have been organized so that they have meaning and value to the recipient
information
example: GPA by itself is data, but a students GPA paired with their name is information
6
consists of data and or information that have been organized and processed to convey understanding experience, accumulated learning, and expertise as they apply to a current business problem
Knowledge
Example: A company has found that students with a GPA higher than a 3.0 tend excel in the management program. based on that knowledge the company may only choose to interview the students with GPAs 3.0 or above.
7
an information system that uses computer technology to perform some or all of its intended tasks
Computer-based information system (IS)
8
consists of devices such as the processor, monitor, keyboard, and printer. together, these devices accept , process and display data and information
Hardware
9
a program or collection of programs that enable the hardware to process data
software
10
a collection of related files or tables containing data
database
11
a connecting system (wireline or wireless) that permits different computers to share resources
Network
12
the instructions for combining information technology components (hardware, software, database, and network) to process information and generate the desired output
procedures
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(IT) components of hardware, software, networks,and databases form...
information technology (IT)platform
14
(IT) personnel use components to develop information systems, oversee security and risk, and manage data
information technology(IT) services
15
a computer program designed to support a specific task or business process
Application (or App)
- the HR department sometimes uses one application for screening job applicants and another application for monitoring employee turnover
16
each department or functional area within an organization has its own collection of applications or information systems.
Functional area information system (FAIS)
Examples: accounting IS, marketing IS, finance IS and Human resources IS
17
designed to correct lack of communication among the functional are IS
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
18
supports the monitoring, collection, storage, and processing of data from the organizations basic business transactions, each of which generate data
transaction processing system (TPS)
Example: when you are checking out at Walmart a transaction occurs every time the cashier swipes an item across the bar code reader.
19
information system that connects 2 or more organizations
inter organizational information systems (IOS)
20
the flow of materials, information, money, and services from suppliers of raw materials through factories and warehouses to the end customers
supply chain
21
professional employees that are experts in a particular subject area
knowledge workers
Examples; lawyer, accountant
22
any asset that provide an organization with an edge against its competitors in some measure such as cost, quantity, or speed.
competitive advantage
23
the combination of social, legal, economic, physical, and political factors in which business conduct their operations.
business environment
24
generated by the global economy, intense competition, the changing nature of the workforce and powerful customers
Market pressures
25
integration and interdependence of economic, social, cultural and ecological facets of life made possible by rapid advance in IT
Globalization
26
social issues that affect businesses and individuals
individual or organizational social responsibility
27
strategy of making or producing customized products and services
Made-to-order
28
when a company produces a large amount of items but them customizes them to match the needs of the individual customer
mass customization
29
helps organizations implement strategic goals and improve performance and productivity
- any IS that helps a company achieve a competitive edge
strategic information systems (SISs)
30
