Exam 1 Flashcards
(81 cards)
1
Q
How long should you wait before asking for a second helping at dinner?
A
at least 10 minutes
2
Q
To relieve stress it is recommended you exercise ___ times a week for ___ minutes.
A
3 times; 30 minutes
3
Q
Where is the hypothalamus located?
A
Brain
4
Q
Clomipranine and Prozac are drugs commonly used to treat ___.
A
OCD (?)
5
Q
3 most common compulsions in OCD?
A
Cleaning, Checking and Repeating.
6
Q
OCD is correlated with __________.
A
Depression
7
Q
GHB is a powerful, _____, Central nervous system __________.
A
rapid; depressant
8
Q
Under stress men’s ________ and _______ ________ which differs from women under stress.
A
blood pressure; cholesterol; increase
9
Q
Most women who have been raped ________ their assailants.
A
Know
10
Q
The balanced condition the body tries to maintain is known as ________.
A
Homeostasis
11
Q
Before you can cope with stress the first thing you must do is _____________.
A
Identify the problem/what is stressing you
12
Q
Drugs used as date rape drugs:
A
GHB
Rohypnol
Ketamine
13
Q
Depo-Provera is a female hormone given to ___________.
A
Male sex offenders as a deterrent to rape
14
Q
To help control stress in your life it is recommended you drink no more than __ alcoholic beverages per ____
A
4;per week
15
Q
General Adaptation syndrome was proposed by:
A
Hans Selye
16
Q
In General Adaptation Syndrome the stage during which damage to the body is likely to occur is the _____ stage.
A
Alarm (1)
17
Q
1 in ___ women are victims of rape
A
4
18
Q
1 in ___ men are victims of rape
A
10
19
Q
3 common patterns of rape are based on
A
- Anger
- Power
- Pleasure
20
Q
____% of rapes are interracial
A
3
21
Q
How long does it take for rohypnol to take effect?
A
20-30 minutes
22
Q
Intended uses of rohypnol
A
To treat insomnia
Used as pre surgery medication
23
Q
Rohypnol facts
A
“Roofies”
- inexpensive
- 10x as strong as Valium
- manufactured in Europe and Latin America.
24
Q
What does Rohypnol do
A
Muscle relaxation
Lowers inhibitions
Amnesia
25
Your body's response to stress:
1. Increases heart rate
2. Increased blood pressure
3. Pupils dilate
4. Peristalsis decreases - what moves food through the body *
5. Decrease in digestive juices *
6. Liver releases glucose *
7. Urinary and anal sphincters will close *
8. Increase in sweating
9. Increase in respiration
10. Bronchi dilate *
11. Blood vessels of the skin constrict *
26
Suggestions for a good night's sleep:
1. Get up and go to bed at the same time every day
2. quiet environment
3. light protein snack
4. get up if you cannot sleep
5. avoid alcohol, sleeping meds, nicotine, caffeine, and vigorous exercise just before bed.
27
Fight or Flight response, Body's response to stress (correct sequence of events in the body) -
Stress > Brain (Hypothalamus) > Pituitary Gland > ACTH > Blood > Adrenal Glands > Adrenaline, Cortisone, and other stress hormones > Blood > Body Responds To Stress
28
Most common drug used in drug-facilitated sexual assaults.
GHB
29
Why is it difficult to estimate the incidence of drug-facilitated rape involving GHB?
Victims make not seek help until days after - drug impairs memory and may not be able to identify signs of assault.
GHB is only detectable in a person's system for a limited time, opportunity to detect the drug can quickly pass.
30
What does GHB do
Can mentally and physically paralyze an individual, and these effects are intensified when the drug is combined with alcohol.
31
In General Adaptation Syndrome during Resistance (2)
adaptation occurs and symptoms decrease
32
In General Adaptation Syndrome during Exhaustion:
adaptation is lost; the body begins to run out of energy
33
Why does stress cause the occurrence of more diseases?
Because stress depresses the immune system
34
Diseases Related to Stress:
1. Cardiovascular system- strokes and heart attacks
2. Kidney problems- increased infection
3. Mental disorders- depression, panic attacks, and suicide
4. Ulcers
5. Cancers
6. TMJ
7. IBS
35
How does exercise relate to promoting good physical and mental health?
It helps REDUCE stress and COPE with stress.
36
The rates of heart disease and ____ among police are higher than in the general public.
Cancer
37
Optimists find ______ very stressful. This leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of ___________.
failure; the immune system
38
Pessimists had an immune system that was _____________________
even more depressed than optimists.
39
Starting at about age ___, pessimists begin to become chronically ill.
45
40
The average age of death among police is ____ years. The average life span for others is ___ years.
57 for police
| 75 for the rest of us
41
A high percent of bereaved men will die within _______ of their wives. Their death is usually due to ____________________________.
6 months; cardiovascular disease, cancer or infectious disease.
42
A loss of short term memory is a side effect of which treatment for depression?
ECT
43
Exogenous depression
comes from outside the body
44
Endogenous depression
comes from within the body
45
Carcinogens in cigarettes:
- Benzopyrene
- Vinyl chloride
- Arsenic
46
Co-carcinogens in cigarettes:
Formaldehyde
| Phenol
47
Where is most alcohol metabolized?
| Where does the rest go?
```
Most is metabolized in the liver.
The rest (2-10%) is given off by the lungs, kidneys and sweat glands.
```
48
.03-.05% BAC
Effects first felt, light-headed, relaxed.
49
.10-.15% BAC
6-10 hours metabolize
| sensory and motor functions are decreased
50
.2% BAC
Most are unable to function
51
.35% BAC
Coma
52
.35% + BAC
Death
53
Cirrhosis of Liver:
-Liver enlarged, destroyed cells are replaced by scar tissue(does not have the ability to detoxify)
54
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
- Heavy drinking during first trimester
- decrease in birth weight
- small teeth, faulty enamel
- misshapen earlobes
- heart defects
- small eyes, jaw
- slow physical and mental growth
- MR
- IQ of 40-80
- withdrawal symptoms
55
Huffing effects
- Dizziness
- Hallucinations
- Disorientation
- Serious damage
- Can lead to death
56
Treatment for panic disorders
CBT
| Medications
57
Two parts of the brain involved in OCD.
Orbital Frontal Cortex
| Basal Ganglia
58
What neurotransmitter does not function properly in those with OCD?
Serotonin
59
Example of an MAOI:
Side effects?
Facts?
- oldest group of meds for depression
- Nardil - ex
- increased BP with sudafed, red wine or aged cheese.
60
Tricyclics
Example:
Side effects?
Facts?
- most important group of drugs to treat depression
- Elavil - ex
- side effects: dry mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, and blurred vision
61
Lithium
| Used for?
To treat manic depression (bipolar disorder)
62
SSRI
Examples:
Facts?
Side effects?
- newest medication for depressive disorders
- examples: Prozac, Paxil and Zoloft
- side effects: insomnia loss of appetite
63
If agitation occurs after the first dose of an antidepressant medication, it is recommended that you:
Call a Dr
64
The most common method to commit suicide:
Firearms
65
______ is the single most preventable cause of death in the U.S.
Smoking/Tobacco
66
Alcohol Poisoning symptoms:
- large amounts of alcohol consumed in short amount of time
- person is unconscious
- person is cold, clammy, pale or blue skin
- person breathes less than 8 times per min
- person vomits and does not awaken
67
Smoking has dropped ___% in the past 4 decades
30%
68
Of those who stop smoking at clinics, about __% will resume smoking within one year.
75%
69
1 in _ americans smoke
3
70
_ of 4 smokers want to quit but cannot
3
71
For people 15-24 it's the ___ leading cause of death.
2nd
72
How to help a suicidal person?
- Ask if they are thinking about killing themselves, ask how you can help.
- validate feelings, keep them safe.
- find someone they can talk to about it, talk to a dr, counselor, or minister.
- give them suicide hotline #
- lock up pills, get gun out of the house
- don't leave them alone, take them to the hospital.
73
Long term effects of smoking:
- Cardiovascular disease: CHD, Stroke, Aortic aneurysm
- Lung Cancer: 80% due to smoking
- Increases LDL and Decreases Cholesterol- promotes plaque formation (obstruction of vessels- heart attack)
- COPD diseases: Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema
74
3 Factors that cause smoker's cough:
Cilia are destroyed
Macrophages work less efficiently
Overproduction of mucous
75
If you live with a smoker you have a ___% greater chance of developing lung cancer
20-30%
76
Common traits of alcoholism
- Gregarious
- Impulsive
- Rebellious
77
Long term effects of Alcohol abuse
Cirrhosis of Liver: -Liver enlarged, destroyed cells are replaced by scar tissue(does not have the ability to detoxify)
Cardiomyopathy: weakened heart muscle
Cancer:
10x greater rate of cancer of the mouth, throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas.
Ulcers
Increased BP
Increased strokes, and heart attacks
78
Effects of inhalants
- chemical solvents can damage protective fatty coating around brain cells, resulting in brain damage.
79
Types of smoke:
Mainstream: inhaled by smoker and exhaled into the atmosphere (first hand smoke)
sidestream: smoke that comes from the burning end of a cigarette (second hand smoke)
80
Two important neurotransmitters that are correlated with depression:
Serotonin
| Norepinephrine (Adrenaline)
81
Most common symptom of depression:
Fatigue
