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health for living > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Health

A

state of complete physical, mental, social, and spiritual well being

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2
Q

Wellness

A

process of adopting patterns of behavior that can lead to improved health and heightened life status

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3
Q

Socioecological Model of Health and Wellness

A

relationship between individual and environment

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4
Q

Health disparities

A

systemic and avoidable social and economic practices and policies that create barriers

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5
Q

Health Related Behavior Choices

A

choices concerning physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, social well being

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6
Q

Health Belief Model-Health behaviors influenced by perceived…

A

susceptibility
seriousness of consequences
benefits of specific action
barriers of taking action

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7
Q

Stages of Change Model

A

takes into account thinking, feelings, behaviors, relationships

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8
Q

States of Change Model parts

A 
pre contemplation
	contemplation
	preparation
	action
	maintenance
	termination
	relapse
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9
Q

Health literacy

A

ability to read, understand, and act on health information

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10
Q

Health risk

A

probability of exposure to a hazard that can result in negative consequences

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11
Q

DNA

A

nucleus of every human cell that contains an entire set of genetic instructions

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12
Q

Genome

A

complete set of DNA

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13
Q

Chromosomes

A

DNA divided into 23 pairs within nucleus

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14
Q

Differentiation

A

cells becoming specialized

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15
Q

Stem cells

A

unspecialized cells

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16
Q

Mutation

A

change in a gene

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17
Q

Alleles

A

alternate forms of the same gene (dominant/recessive)

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18
Q

Multifactorial disorder

A

conditions caused by interactions among one or more genes and the environment

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19
Q

Altruistic

A

unselfishly concerned for other

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20
Q

Self Actualized

A

the state attained when a person has reacher their full potential

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21
Q

Optimism

A

tendency to see problems as temporary and specific rather than permanent and general

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22
Q

Self efficacy

A

you have some control over your life

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23
Q

Resilience

A

ability to bounce back

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24
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A 
Physiological Needs (bottom)
	Safety and Security
	Love and Belongingness
	Self-esteem
	Self-actualization (top)
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25
Q

how much of our happiness is under control

A

40

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26
Q

how much of our happiness is genetic

A

50

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27
Q

how much of our happiness is due to circumstances

A

10

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28
Q

what is the income that makes people happiest

A

75,000

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29
Q

how many friends leads to the most happiness

A

10

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30
Q

how many hours a day should you socialize

A

6-7

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31
Q

how many interactions do couples need daily

A

5

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32
Q

Emotional Intelligence

A

understanding of emotional experience, self awareness, and sensitivity of others

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33
Q

Stress

A

state of the body, mind, and emotions when an environmental stressor has triggered the stress response

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34
Q

Stressors

A

events or agents in the environment that can cause stress

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35
Q

Eustress

A

positive

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36
Q

Distress

A

negative

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37
Q

Stress response

A

physiological changes that occur in the body

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38
Q

what part of the body causes stress responses

A

autonomic nervous system

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39
Q

sympathetic branch

A

initiates stress response

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40
Q

Parasympathetic branch

A

turns off the stress response and returns the body to normal

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41
Q

Homeostasis

A

state of stability

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42
Q

Relaxation response-

A

alm the body systems and return them to normal functioning

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43
Q

what body parts can be effected by chronic stress

A

Immune System
Cardiovascular System
Gastrointestinal System

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44
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome parts

A

Alarm Stage
Resistance Change
Exhaustion Change

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45
Q

how much of the brain is formed by 6

A

95

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46
Q

where does a growth spurt in the brain occur before puberty

A

frontal cortex

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47
Q

frontal cortex

A

judge what is right and wrong

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48
Q

when is the frontal cortex developed in men

A

25

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49
Q

when does the prefrontal cortex mature

A

20

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50
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

controls impulses

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51
Q

when does the brain fully develop

A

mid 20s

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52
Q

what causes mental disorders

A

Imbalances of neurotransmitters

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53
Q

who is more likely to get mood disorders

A

women; 2 times likely

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54
Q

addiction

A

continued, compulsive behavior despite serious negative consequences

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55
Q

two kinds of addiction

A

psychological dependance

psychotic disorder

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56
Q

Psychological dependance

A

reduces sensitivity to substance

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57
Q

Psychotic Disorders

A

signs that an individual has lost touch with reality

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58
Q

suicide is the ______ leading cause of death

A

2nd

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59
Q

percentage of college students that consider suicide

A

8%

60
Q

Amygdala

A

helps avoid harmful things

61
Q

Anterior cingulate cortex

A

focus on tasks

control emotions

62
Q

Prefrontal cortex

A

response to fearful events, solve problems

control memories

63
Q

Hippocampus

A

make and store new memories

64
Q

Friendship

A

reciprocal relationship based on mutual liking

65
Q

Factors that promote attraction

A

familiarity
physical attractiveness
similar characteristics

66
Q

Similarity theory

A

fall in love with people who are similar to us

67
Q

Social exchange theory

A

choosing a partner is based on the exchange

68
Q

dopamine

A

love increases these levels

69
Q

what does love arouse

A

sympathetic nervous system

70
Q

Strenberg’s Love Triangle

A

Intimacy
Passion
Commitment

71
Q

Intimacy

A

emotional component

72
Q

passion

A

sexual component

73
Q

commitment

A

decision aspect

74
Q

Metamessage

A

unspoken message you send or receive when communicating

75
Q

assertiveness

A

speaking up for yourself

76
Q

sex

A

biological status as male or female

77
Q

intersex

A

gentiles are ambiguous

78
Q

gender

A

masculine or feminine behaviors

79
Q

gender role

A

set of behaviors and activities a person engages in to conform to society’s expectations

80
Q

Androgynous

A

displays characteristics associated with both sexes

81
Q

Gender identity

A

internal sense of male or female

82
Q

gender dysmorphia

A

discomfort about ones sex

83
Q

transgender

A

feeling of male or female that conflicts with ones self

84
Q

Sexual orientation

A

a persons emotional, romantic, and sexual attraction to a member of the same sex, the other sex, or both

85
Q

Heterosexuality

A

attracted to other sex

86
Q

homosexuality

A

attracted to same sex

87
Q

bisexuality

A

attracted to both sexes

88
Q

homophobia

A

fear of homo

89
Q

how much of US supports same sex marriage

A

60

90
Q

cohabitation

A

two people of opposite sex live together

91
Q

percentage of marriages that are preceded by cohabitation

A

60

92
Q

how many marriages end up in divorce

A

40-50

93
Q

what is the leading cause of poverty

A

divorce

94
Q

blended family

A

partners that bring children from previous marriage

95
Q

cohesion

A

balance between separateness and togetherness in relationships

96
Q

flexibility

A

balance between stability and change

97
Q

Community

A

group of people connected

98
Q

Values

A

set of criteria for judging what is good and bad

99
Q

Spirituality

A

experience of connection to self, others, and community

100
Q

Service learning

A

education that combines coursework with community service

101
Q

three reasons we sleep

A

restoration
energy conservation
brain function

102
Q

what happens if we don’t sleep short term

A

poor memory
increased impulsiveness
poor judgement

103
Q

what happens if we don’t sleep long term

A

stress
weight gain
disease

104
Q

circadian rhythm

A

internal daily 24 hour cycle of waking and sleeping

105
Q

suprachiasmic nuclei

A

maintains circadian rhythm

106
Q

what does the SCN (suprachiasmic nuclei) regulate

A

behavior
autonomic nervous system
hormones

107
Q

how much sleep do adults need

A

8-9

108
Q

how much sleep do college students get

A

6-7

109
Q

melatonin

A

increases relaxation

pineal gland

110
Q

pituitary gland

A

releases growth hormones

111
Q

how much of our lives are spent sleeping

A

1/3

112
Q

short sleep

A

less than 7 hours

increases risk of negative health

113
Q

long sleep

A

10 hours of more

114
Q

sleep deprivation

A

lack of sleep

115
Q

what does sleep deprivation impair

A

physical
emotional
cognitive functioning

116
Q

sleep debt

A

difference between sleep attained and needed

117
Q

stage 1 NREM

A

relaxed, half awake

118
Q

stage 2 NREM

A

brain activity slows and movement stops

119
Q

stages 3 and 4 NREM

A

blood pressure drops
heart rate slows
blood supply to brain minimized

120
Q

REM sleep

A

high brain activity
dreams
files memories

121
Q

REM sleep paralysis

A

no muscle tone and immobility

122
Q

REM rebound effect

A

longer and more frequent REM sleep

123
Q

how often do you cycle between REM and NREM

A

every 90 to 110 minutes

124
Q

who gets more deep sleep

A

children and teens

125
Q

insomnia

A

difficulty falling or staying asleep

126
Q

who is effected more by insomnia

A

women

127
Q

sleep apnea

A

periods of non breathing

128
Q

how many people in US have sleep apnea

A

50%

129
Q

how much of sleep apnea is undiagnosed

A

80-90

130
Q

central sleep apnea

A

brain fails to regulate diaphragm

131
Q

obstructive sleep apnea

A

upper airway obstructed

132
Q

how long does sleepwalking occur

A

less than 10 minutes

133
Q

sleep related eating disorder

A

eating while asleep

134
Q

who is affected more by sleep related eating disorder

A

females

135
Q

night eating syndrome

A

eating excessively during night and almost nothing during day

136
Q

sleep latency

A

how long it takes to fall asleep

137
Q

ethnicity

A

identity from origins

138
Q

race

A

physical characteristics

139
Q

how many americans have trouble interpreting health materials

A

90

140
Q

what are the happiest ages

A

33
55
70s

141
Q

hardiness

A

coping with stress by viewing life events as challenges

142
Q

how many adults in US have depressive disorder

A
  1. 7 million

6. 7%

143
Q

how many college students attempted to commit suicide

A

1.3%

144
Q

percentage of people that have a mental disorder who commit suicide

A

90%

145
Q

how do we fall asleep

A

light enters eyes
goes into SCN
pineal gland tells you to go to sleep
melatonin released

146
Q

three reasons we sleep

A

restoration
energy conservation
brain processing/memories

health for living (4 decks)

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