exam 1 Flashcards
(146 cards)
1
Q
Health
A
state of complete physical, mental, social, and spiritual well being
2
Q
Wellness
A
process of adopting patterns of behavior that can lead to improved health and heightened life status
3
Q
Socioecological Model of Health and Wellness
A
relationship between individual and environment
4
Q
Health disparities
A
systemic and avoidable social and economic practices and policies that create barriers
5
Q
Health Related Behavior Choices
A
choices concerning physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, social well being
6
Q
Health Belief Model-Health behaviors influenced by perceived…
A
susceptibility
seriousness of consequences
benefits of specific action
barriers of taking action
7
Q
Stages of Change Model
A
takes into account thinking, feelings, behaviors, relationships
8
Q
States of Change Model parts
A
pre contemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance termination relapse
9
Q
Health literacy
A
ability to read, understand, and act on health information
10
Q
Health risk
A
probability of exposure to a hazard that can result in negative consequences
11
Q
DNA
A
nucleus of every human cell that contains an entire set of genetic instructions
12
Q
Genome
A
complete set of DNA
13
Q
Chromosomes
A
DNA divided into 23 pairs within nucleus
14
Q
Differentiation
A
cells becoming specialized
15
Q
Stem cells
A
unspecialized cells
16
Q
Mutation
A
change in a gene
17
Q
Alleles
A
alternate forms of the same gene (dominant/recessive)
18
Q
Multifactorial disorder
A
conditions caused by interactions among one or more genes and the environment
19
Q
Altruistic
A
unselfishly concerned for other
20
Q
Self Actualized
A
the state attained when a person has reacher their full potential
21
Q
Optimism
A
tendency to see problems as temporary and specific rather than permanent and general
22
Q
Self efficacy
A
you have some control over your life
23
Q
Resilience
A
ability to bounce back
24
Q
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
A
Physiological Needs (bottom) Safety and Security Love and Belongingness Self-esteem Self-actualization (top)
25
how much of our happiness is under control
40
26
how much of our happiness is genetic
50
27
how much of our happiness is due to circumstances
10
28
what is the income that makes people happiest
75,000
29
how many friends leads to the most happiness
10
30
how many hours a day should you socialize
6-7
31
how many interactions do couples need daily
5
32
Emotional Intelligence
understanding of emotional experience, self awareness, and sensitivity of others
33
Stress
state of the body, mind, and emotions when an environmental stressor has triggered the stress response
34
Stressors
events or agents in the environment that can cause stress
35
Eustress
positive
36
Distress
negative
37
Stress response
physiological changes that occur in the body
38
what part of the body causes stress responses
autonomic nervous system
39
sympathetic branch
initiates stress response
40
Parasympathetic branch
turns off the stress response and returns the body to normal
41
Homeostasis
state of stability
42
Relaxation response-
alm the body systems and return them to normal functioning
43
what body parts can be effected by chronic stress
Immune System
Cardiovascular System
Gastrointestinal System
44
General Adaptation Syndrome parts
Alarm Stage
Resistance Change
Exhaustion Change
45
how much of the brain is formed by 6
95
46
where does a growth spurt in the brain occur before puberty
frontal cortex
47
frontal cortex
judge what is right and wrong
48
when is the frontal cortex developed in men
25
49
when does the prefrontal cortex mature
20
50
prefrontal cortex
controls impulses
51
when does the brain fully develop
mid 20s
52
what causes mental disorders
Imbalances of neurotransmitters
53
who is more likely to get mood disorders
women; 2 times likely
54
addiction
continued, compulsive behavior despite serious negative consequences
55
two kinds of addiction
psychological dependance
| psychotic disorder
56
Psychological dependance
reduces sensitivity to substance
57
Psychotic Disorders
signs that an individual has lost touch with reality
58
suicide is the ______ leading cause of death
2nd
59
percentage of college students that consider suicide
8%
60
Amygdala
helps avoid harmful things
61
Anterior cingulate cortex
focus on tasks
| control emotions
62
Prefrontal cortex
response to fearful events, solve problems
| control memories
63
Hippocampus
make and store new memories
64
Friendship
reciprocal relationship based on mutual liking
65
Factors that promote attraction
familiarity
physical attractiveness
similar characteristics
66
Similarity theory
fall in love with people who are similar to us
67
Social exchange theory
choosing a partner is based on the exchange
68
dopamine
love increases these levels
69
what does love arouse
sympathetic nervous system
70
Strenberg’s Love Triangle
Intimacy
Passion
Commitment
71
Intimacy
emotional component
72
passion
sexual component
73
commitment
decision aspect
74
Metamessage
unspoken message you send or receive when communicating
75
assertiveness
speaking up for yourself
76
sex
biological status as male or female
77
intersex
gentiles are ambiguous
78
gender
masculine or feminine behaviors
79
gender role
set of behaviors and activities a person engages in to conform to society’s expectations
80
Androgynous
displays characteristics associated with both sexes
81
Gender identity
internal sense of male or female
82
gender dysmorphia
discomfort about ones sex
83
transgender
feeling of male or female that conflicts with ones self
84
Sexual orientation
a persons emotional, romantic, and sexual attraction to a member of the same sex, the other sex, or both
85
Heterosexuality
attracted to other sex
86
homosexuality
attracted to same sex
87
bisexuality
attracted to both sexes
88
homophobia
fear of homo
89
how much of US supports same sex marriage
60
90
cohabitation
two people of opposite sex live together
91
percentage of marriages that are preceded by cohabitation
60
92
how many marriages end up in divorce
40-50
93
what is the leading cause of poverty
divorce
94
blended family
partners that bring children from previous marriage
95
cohesion
balance between separateness and togetherness in relationships
96
flexibility
balance between stability and change
97
Community
group of people connected
98
Values
set of criteria for judging what is good and bad
99
Spirituality
experience of connection to self, others, and community
100
Service learning
education that combines coursework with community service
101
three reasons we sleep
restoration
energy conservation
brain function
102
what happens if we don't sleep short term
poor memory
increased impulsiveness
poor judgement
103
what happens if we don't sleep long term
stress
weight gain
disease
104
circadian rhythm
internal daily 24 hour cycle of waking and sleeping
105
suprachiasmic nuclei
maintains circadian rhythm
106
what does the SCN (suprachiasmic nuclei) regulate
behavior
autonomic nervous system
hormones
107
how much sleep do adults need
8-9
108
how much sleep do college students get
6-7
109
melatonin
increases relaxation
| pineal gland
110
pituitary gland
releases growth hormones
111
how much of our lives are spent sleeping
1/3
112
short sleep
less than 7 hours
| increases risk of negative health
113
long sleep
10 hours of more
114
sleep deprivation
lack of sleep
115
what does sleep deprivation impair
physical
emotional
cognitive functioning
116
sleep debt
difference between sleep attained and needed
117
stage 1 NREM
relaxed, half awake
118
stage 2 NREM
brain activity slows and movement stops
119
stages 3 and 4 NREM
blood pressure drops
heart rate slows
blood supply to brain minimized
120
REM sleep
high brain activity
dreams
files memories
121
REM sleep paralysis
no muscle tone and immobility
122
REM rebound effect
longer and more frequent REM sleep
123
how often do you cycle between REM and NREM
every 90 to 110 minutes
124
who gets more deep sleep
children and teens
125
insomnia
difficulty falling or staying asleep
126
who is effected more by insomnia
women
127
sleep apnea
periods of non breathing
128
how many people in US have sleep apnea
50%
129
how much of sleep apnea is undiagnosed
80-90
130
central sleep apnea
brain fails to regulate diaphragm
131
obstructive sleep apnea
upper airway obstructed
132
how long does sleepwalking occur
less than 10 minutes
133
sleep related eating disorder
eating while asleep
134
who is affected more by sleep related eating disorder
females
135
night eating syndrome
eating excessively during night and almost nothing during day
136
sleep latency
how long it takes to fall asleep
137
ethnicity
identity from origins
138
race
physical characteristics
139
how many americans have trouble interpreting health materials
90
140
what are the happiest ages
33
55
70s
141
hardiness
coping with stress by viewing life events as challenges
142
how many adults in US have depressive disorder
15. 7 million
| 6. 7%
143
how many college students attempted to commit suicide
1.3%
144
percentage of people that have a mental disorder who commit suicide
90%
145
how do we fall asleep
light enters eyes
goes into SCN
pineal gland tells you to go to sleep
melatonin released
146
three reasons we sleep
restoration
energy conservation
brain processing/memories
