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health for living > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Psychoactive drug

A

causes changes in brain chemistry and alters consciousness

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2
Q

Intoxication

A

altered state of consciousness

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3
Q

low risk drinking for men

A

14 week

4 day

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4
Q

low risk drinking women

A

7 week

3 day

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5
Q

one drink beer

A

12 oz

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6
Q

one drink wine

A

5 oz

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7
Q

one drink shot

A

1.5 oz

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8
Q

one drink mixed drink

A

1.5 oz

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9
Q

race that has alcoholism as top problem

A

native americans

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10
Q

binge drinking

A

five or more drinks for men and four or more for women in two hours

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11
Q

percent of college students 18-22 who binge drank in past month

A

40

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12
Q

percent of college students that drink

A

80

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13
Q

extreme drinking

A

beyond binge drinking

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14
Q

central nervous system depressant

A

impairs thinking, balance, and motor functions

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15
Q

path of alcohol in body

A

enters body
some absorbed in stomach, most in small intestine
absorbed into bloodstream through walls of small intestine
heart pumps alcohol throughout body
alters brain chemistry and disrupts brain functions
metabolized by liver .5 oz per hour

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16
Q

percent of alcohol metabolized by liver

A

90

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17
Q

percent of alcohol not metabolized

A

2-10

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18
Q

alcohol dehydrogenase

A

liver converts alcohol to acetaldehyde

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19
Q

BAC

A

amount of alcohol in grams in 100 milliliters of blood

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20
Q

what factors influence BAC

A

body water

body fat

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21
Q

BAC of death

A

.41

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22
Q

what three things are women more vulnerable to because of alcohol

A

liver disease
heart disease
brain damage

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23
Q

Acute alcohol intoxication

A

life threatening blood alcohol concentration

can produce a collapse of vital body functions

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24
Q

Blackout

A

period of time during which a drinker is conscious but has partial or complete amnesia

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25
Q

fetal alcohol syndrome

A

birth defects bc of alcohol use during pregnancy

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26
Q

alcohol cardiomyopathy

A

heart muscle weakening

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27
Q

fatty liver

A

wells with fat

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28
Q

alcoholic hepatitis

A

inflammation of liver

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29
Q

cirrhosis

A

scarring of liver tissue

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30
Q

alcohol misuse

A

consumption to the point of harm

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31
Q

problem drinking

A

pattern of use that impairs drinkers life

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32
Q

alcohol abuse

A

continued use of alcohol

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33
Q

alcohol dependance

A

strong craving

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34
Q

controlled drinking

A

moderation rather than abstinence

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35
Q

what is the leading preventable cause of death

A

drugs

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36
Q

percentage of americans that smoke

A

20

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37
Q

percent of americans that smoke in 1965

A

42

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38
Q

percent of college students that smoke

A

12

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39
Q

tar

A

residue formed when tobacco burns
chemical compounds
carcinogenic substances

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40
Q

nicotine

A

addictive ingredient
poison
psychoactive drug

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41
Q

what happens when you have nicotine in body

A

increased dopamine
suppressed appetite
increased metabolism

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42
Q

percent of college students that smoke hookahs

A

9

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43
Q

percent of smokeless tobacco that causes cancer

A

10-15

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44
Q

short term effects of nicotine

A 
reaches brain 7-10 sec
damage cilia
oxygen can't go to muscles
heart rate
blood pressure
body temp
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45
Q

long term effects of nicotine

A

cardiovascular disease
cancer
pulmonary disease
skin wrinkling

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46
Q

emphysema

A

enlarged alveoli

decreased elasticity

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47
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

mucus secretion
cough
difficulty breathing

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48
Q

asthma

A

difficulty breathing
wheezing
coughing
thick mucous

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49
Q

risks for people from nicotine

A

cancer

sexual functions

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50
Q

which groups are more likely to use tobacco

A

ethnic

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51
Q

benefits of quitting

A

less health problems
better circulation
taste and smell return

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52
Q

immediately after quitting smoking…

A

air around you is safe

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53
Q

20 min after quitting smoking

A

blood pressure decreases

body temp increases

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54
Q

12 hours after quitting smoking

A

CO level drops

oxygen normal

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55
Q

24 hours after quitting smoking

A

heart attack chance decreases

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56
Q

48 hours after quitting smoking

A

nerve endings grow

exercise easier

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57
Q

72 hours after quitting smoking

A

breathing easier

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58
Q

2-12 weeks after quitting smoking

A

circulation improves

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59
Q

1-9 months after quitting smoking

A

less sickness

less shortness of breath

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60
Q

1 year after quitting smoking

A

heart attack risk cut in half

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61
Q

5 years after quitting smoking

A

heart attack risk gone

mouth cancer risk cut in half

62
Q

10 years after quitting smoking

A

lung cancer risk in half

63
Q

10-15 years after quitting smoking

A

life expectancy normal

64
Q

stimulant

A

speed up activity in brain and sympathetic nervous system

65
Q

depressants

A

slow down activity in brain and nervous system

high risk of dependance

66
Q

rebound effect

A

experience symptoms worse than before taking the drug

67
Q

opioids

A

natural and synthetic derivatives of opium

high risk of dependance

block sensation of pain

68
Q

hallucinogens

A

alter perceptions and thinking

69
Q

psychedelics

A

intensify and distort vision and hearing

70
Q

inhalents

A

alter consciousness

dangerous toxins and carcinogens

71
Q

cannabinoids

A

weed

72
Q

how many states have legalized weed

A

21

73
Q

interdiction

A

interception of drugs before they get into the country

74
Q

sex drive

A

biological urge for sexual activity

75
Q

main hormone for sex drive

A

testosterone

76
Q

where is testosterone produced males

A

testes

77
Q

where is testosterone produced females and males

A

adrenal glands

78
Q

vasocongestion

A

inflow of blood to tissues

79
Q

myotonia

A

voluntary or involuntary muscle tension

80
Q

four parts of human sexual response model

A

excitement
plateau
orgasm
resolution

81
Q

excitement stage

A

arousal

82
Q

plateau stage

A

leveling off of arousal before orgasm

83
Q

orgasm stage

A

contraction of genital area

84
Q

resolution stage

A

return to relaxed stage

85
Q

stage only men enter after sex

A

refractory period

86
Q

orgasm

A

physiological reflex of pleasure and muscle contractions

87
Q

fraction of women who reach orgasm through intercourse

A

1/3

88
Q

androgens

A

male sex hormones

testes

89
Q

estrogens and progestins

A

produced by ovaries

90
Q

menarche

A

onset of menstruation

91
Q

menses

A

flow of menstrual blood

92
Q

menopause

A

menstruation stops

93
Q

sexual addiction

A

out of control sexual behavior

94
Q

sexual anorexia

A

fear of sexual contact or intimacy

95
Q

sexual disfunction

A

disturbance in sexual drive

96
Q

how many pregnancies are unintended

A

half

97
Q

percent of women that will get pregnant if they don’t use protection

A

85

98
Q

hormonal contraceptives

A

deliver hormones to prevent ovulation

99
Q

intrauterine device

A

alters uterine and cervical fluids

100
Q

barrier methods

A

separate sperm from reproductive tract

101
Q

vaginal diaphragm

A

rubber dome

102
Q

cervical cap

A

covers cervix

103
Q

spermicide

A

kills sperm

104
Q

contraceptive sponge

A

foam with spermicide in vagina

105
Q

fertility awareness based methods

A

abstinence when ovulating

106
Q

withdrawal aka

A

coitus interruptus

107
Q

emergency contraception

A

prevents ovulation and fertilization

108
Q

when is emergency contraception most effective

A

48-72 hours

109
Q

how long can you wait to take emergency contraception

A

5 days

110
Q

permanent contraception

A

permanently prevent pregnancies

111
Q

vasectomy

A

tying vas deferens

prevents sperm from reaching semen

112
Q

tubial ligation

occusion

A

tying fallopian tubes

113
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

life threatening complication of early pregnancy

114
Q

open adoption

A

biological parents help choose adoptive

115
Q

closed adoption

A

biological parents dont choose

116
Q

roe vs wade 1973

A

terminating pregnancy through elective abortion is legal

117
Q

spontaneous abortion

A

miscarriage

118
Q

surgical abortion

A

remove contents of uterus

119
Q

medical abortion

A

medication to end pregnancy

120
Q

percent of women who get an abortion that already have a kid

A

61

121
Q

percent of couples that will not be able to get pregnant

A

12-18

122
Q

best age range for pregnancy

A

18-35

123
Q

folic acid

A

reduce neural tube defects

124
Q

two immunizations for pregnancy

A

rubella

hepatitis B

125
Q

vertical transmission

A

transmitting diseases to baby

126
Q

teratogens

A

cause physical damage or defects

127
Q

where does the US place for maternal and infant death

A

16th

128
Q

percent of pregnancies that end in miscarriage

A

15-50

129
Q

when do most miscarriages occur

A

1st trimester

130
Q

preeclampsia

A

high blood pressure
fluid retention
kidney/liver damage

131
Q

eclampsia

A

seizures and coma

132
Q

percent of pregnancies that end in infant death

A

1.2

133
Q

percent of infant deaths that occur before birth

A

half

134
Q

percent of infant deaths that occur before 28th week

A

80

135
Q

when does the single celled ovum start to divide

A

30 min

136
Q

single celled ovum

A

zygote

137
Q

when is embryonic period

A

2-8 weeks

138
Q

what happens during embryonic period

A

embryo
placenta
organs

139
Q

week 8 of pregnancy

A

all body systems and organs present

140
Q

week 16 pregnancy

A

mother can feel movement

141
Q

week 26 pregnancy

A

eyes are open

142
Q

week 30 pregnancy

A

layer of fat forms

143
Q

week 36 pregnancy

A

best chance of survival

144
Q

week 38 pregnancy

A

full term

145
Q

percent of babies that have birth defects

A

5

146
Q

labor

A

hormonal changes cause contraction

147
Q

1st stage of labor

A

cervix thins and opens

148
Q

2nd stage labor

A

baby moves through pelvis, cervix, vagina

149
Q

3rd stage labor

A

placenta delivered

150
Q

neonate

A

first few weeks or months

151
Q

percent of moms that get postpartum depression

A

13

health for living (4 decks)

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