Exam 1 Flashcards
(26 cards)
Anatomical position
The body is erect, arms hanging at the sides, palms forward, and thumbs pointed away from the midline
Can lungs carry out excretory functions
Yes, carbon dioxide is a metabolic waste the lungs excrete
Homeostasis
The capacity to maintain relatively stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment
Maintain boundaries
To seperate internal and external environments
Movement
To obtain food, breathe, move, protect from harm
Responsiveness
Detect and respond to environmental changes
Digestion
Break down of food for absorption into the blood stream
Metabolism
Chemical reactions for energy, growth and body processes
Excretion
To remove wastes from the body
Hierarchy of body organisations
Atoms combine to form molecules
->cells-> tissue -> organs-> body
Digestive system
Takes in nutritions, breaks them down, and eliminates unabsorbed matter(feces)
Respiratory system
Takes in oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide
Cardiovascular system
Via the blood, distributes oxygen and nutrients to all body cells and delivers wastes and carbon dioxide to disposal organs
Urinary system
Eliminates nitrogenous wastes and excess ions
Integumentary system
Protects the body as a whole from the external environment
Skeletal system
Protects and supports badly organs, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement.
Muscular system
Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture and produces heat
Nervous system
Control system of the body, responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands
Endocrine system
Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use by body cells
Lymphatic system/ immunity
Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream. Houses white blood cells involved in immunity. The immune response mounts the attack against foreign substances within the body
Regulation mechanisms
Variable
Receptor
Control centre
Effector
Variable
The characteristic of interest. If this characteristic changes outside the normal range it is then the stimulus
Receptor
Detects change
Control centre
Monitors signals of changes identified, integrates information of different sources and decides and signals if a response is required
