Exam 1

Question 1

Argument

Answer 1

Has premises and conclusion

Question 2

Valid argument

Answer 2

not possible for premises to be true and conclusion to be false

Question 3

Inductive strength

Answer 3

indication of how well premise supports conclusion. Matter of evidence, not form

Question 4

Can a valid argument have a false conclusion?

Answer 4

Yes.

Question 5

Argument with inconsistent premises are

Answer 5

Valid

Question 6

Simple sentence

Answer 6

1 subject, 1 predicate

Question 7

Truth Functional compound sentence

Answer 7

truth value is determined by value of simple sentences that make up the compound sentence.

Question 8

Biconditional Truth Table: Which are True?

Answer 8

TT and FF

Question 9

Single Arrow Truth Table: Which are False?

Answer 9

T to F

Question 10

Neither Nor

Answer 10

—| (A v B)

Question 11

Both And

Answer 11

—| (A ^ B)

Question 12

What does it mean if truth value is a model for sentence S?

Answer 12

If sentence is always true on that tva.

Question 13

Truth functionally true sentence

Answer 13

always true regardless of the combination of truth values assigned to its components. True on every tva.

Question 14

Truth Functionally consistent

Answer 14

A least 1 truth value assignment on which all members of a sentence are true (1 row on truth table)

Question 15

Truth Functionally Equivalent

Answer 15

no tva on which their truth values differ. In other words, for two sentences P and Q, they are models of each other.

Example: For truth table A, B, A v B, B v A, always have same values

Question 16

Truth functionally false

Answer 16

False on every truth value assignment

Question 17

Truth functionally contingent

Answer 17

TVA of sentence depends on value of components

Question 18

Truth functionally consistent

Answer 18

1 row for which all sentences in set are true. Note: does NOT have to be simple sentences

Question 19

Sound argument

Answer 19

If argument is valid AND all premises are true

Question 20

Counterexample

Answer 20

all T premises and F conclusion

Question 21

Logical true/tautology

Answer 21

not possible to be false

Question 22

Logically false

Answer 22

not possible for statement to be true “self contradiction”

Question 23

Logically equivalent

Answer 23

same truth value, not possible fore them to have different truth values

Question 24

Logically contradictory

Answer 24

only if not possible for statements to have same truth value

Question 25

Logically consistent vs. inconsistent:

Answer 25

Is it possible fore all statements in set to be true?

Question 26

X if Y

Answer 26

Y --> X (opposite of if then)

Question 27

Whenever/Given/Assuming X, Y

Answer 27

X --> Y

Question 28

X is SUFFICIENT for Y

Answer 28

X --> Y

Question 29

X only if Y

Answer 29

X --> Y

Question 30

X is NECESSARY for Y

Answer 30

Y --> X (opposite)

Question 31

If then Only if Whenever/Given/Assuming Is sufficient for

Answer 31

X --> Y

Question 32

if | is necessary for

Answer 32

Y --> X

Question 33

X UNLESS Y or X if not Y

Answer 33

--| Y --> X

Question 34

If and only if

Answer 34

biconditional

Question 35

if X then Y AND if Y then X

Answer 35

biconditional

Question 36

__ just in case ___

Answer 36

biconditional

Question 37

Truth functionally Satisfiable

Answer 37

sentence that is true on @ least 1 tva | truth functionally true or contingent

Question 38

Truth functionally falsifiable

Answer 38

sentence that is false on at least 1 tva. | truth functionally false or contingent

Question 39

Truth functionally contradictory

Answer 39

sentences always have a different truth value

Question 40

Truth functionally INconsistent

Answer 40

no row for which all true at once

Question 41

Can it be consistent and contradictory?

Answer 41

NO

Question 42

Can it be equivalent but inconsistent?

Answer 42

Yes, if always False

Question 43

Truth functionally valid

Answer 43

argument with no tva all premise true and conclusion false

Question 44

Inconsistence PREMISES

Answer 44

at least 1 false premise