Exam 1 (Ch 1-4) Flashcards
(70 cards)
Hebrew Bible
Old Testament - history of the Hebrew people and relationship to God
Christian Bible
New Testament - story of Jesus Christ
How was the Bible used during the Early Middle Ages?
The Bible was the foundation of Christian belief, and the practice of scriptural interpretation was common. Tolerance and charity were practiced, and the belief of life after death guided decisions. Greek and Latin classics were also very popular.
What are the synoptic Gospels?
Matthew, Mark, and Luke
Which books are the most sacred of the OT?
The Torah (Hebrew)/Pentateuch (Greek) (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy)
Who was Paul?
Paul was responsible for spreading Christianity to many foreign countries and converting people by incorporating pagan and Christian traditions
Typology
Seeing the new in the old
Typology examples
Jonah is figurally related to the entombment of Christ; Adam and Eve are related to Jesus and Mary; the four OT prophets are related to the Gospel authors
4 OT prophets
Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel
Original meaning of apocalypse
Revelation
Does the Bible contain all significant early Christian literature?
No; the Bible inspired lots of Christian ‘fan-fiction’
How was Platonic philosophy incorporated in the Middle Ages?
Plato served as the father to the idea of a ‘mystical ascent to God.’ Plato posited that worldly objects were just reflections of a reality that exists outside the senses
How was Aristotle’s philosophy incorporated in the Middle Ages?
Aristotle taught that the reality of an object remains within the realm of your senses. Form (the object category) and matter (uniqueness of the object) define everything in the universe. Aristotle’s teachings were keystones in Thomas Aquinas’ philosophy when defining God. Aristotle’s discoveries were the basis of Medieval science.
What were the four major Roman legacies?
The transmission and transformation of Greek culture, Roman law, the idea of empire, Latin
Transmission of Greek culture
The Romans made the works of Greek philosophers and poets more available for rumination
Roman Law
The Roman Empire developed the most sophisticated code of law to that point
The idea of empire
Romans institutionalized the idea of empire; government over personal conquest
Latin
Latin was the universal language
Most influential models of classical thought
Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Virgil, Ovid
Plato
Wrote the Republic, Allegory of the Cave
Aristotle
keystone for Thomas Aquinas’ “Philosophy of Being”
Cicero
Stoicism; upheld Roman principles at end of Roman Republic
Virgil
The Aeneid - founding of Roman people
Ovid
Metamorphoses - stories of classical gods and heroes across all time
