exam 1: hypaxial

Question 1

epaxial muscles are related to
extension or flexion?

Answer 1

Extension

Question 2

Hyaxial muscles are related to
extension or flexion?

Answer 2

Flexion

Question 3

what muscle is being pointed to

Answer 3

Sternocephalicus m.

Question 4

what muscle is this
what is 1 and 2

Answer 4

Sternocephalicus m.
1. occipital part
2. mastoid part

Question 5

what muscle is this

Answer 5

Sternohyoideus m.

Question 6

what is 1? what is 2

Answer 6

1. Sternothyroideus m.
2. Sternohyoideus m.

Question 7

what muscle is being pointed to

Answer 7

Longus capitis m. (are bilateral)

Question 8

what muscle is this

Answer 8

Longus colli m. (are bilateral)

Question 9

what is 1
what is 2

Answer 9

Longus colli mm.
Longus capitis mm.

Question 10

what is outlined in blue

Answer 10

Scalenus m.
(deep & superficial )

Question 11

what is outlined in yellow

Answer 11

Rectus thoracis m.

Question 12

what is the blue arrow pointing to

Answer 12

First costal cartilage

Question 13

run from rib to rib and function to unite the ribs together

Answer 13

intercostal muscles

Question 14

external intercostal mm

are they originted caudoventrally or cranioventrally

Answer 14

caudoventrally

Question 15

internal intercostal mm

are they originted caudoventrally or cranioventrally

Answer 15

cranioventrally

Question 16

what is being represented
(inspiration or expiration)

Answer 16

red: inspiration
green: expriation

Question 17

what are the red arrows?
what are the blue arrows

Answer 17

red:External intercostal m.
blue: Internal intercostal m.

Question 18

what is being pointed to

Answer 18

Transverse thoracis m.

Question 19

what is being pointed to

Answer 19

Transverse thoracis m.
(Internal view of the floor of the thoracic cavity)

Question 20

list 1-4 of the diaphragm

Answer 20

1. Tendinous center
2. Part lumbalis (left)
3. Part costalis (left)
4. Part sternalis

Question 21

list 1-6 of the Diaphragm from the cranial view

Answer 21

1. lumbar part (right crus)
2. lumbar part (left crus)
3. costal part (left)
4. tendinous center
5. sternal part
6. costal part (right)

Question 22

list 1-3 of the diaphragm

Answer 22

1. Aortic hiatus
2. Esophageal hiatus
3. Cava foramen

Question 23

T/F inspiration is an active process

Answer 23

true

Question 24

what is the most important muscle for inspiratrion

Answer 24

diaphragm

Question 25

Its contraction expand the thoracic cavity caudally, and push the abdominal organs caudally

Answer 25

Diaphragm

Question 26

list muscles 1-4

Answer 26

1. Serratus dorsalis cranialis m. 2. Scalenus m. 3. Rectus thoracis m. 4. External intercostal m.

Question 27

what muscle is the black line through Origin and insertion

Answer 27

External abdominal oblique m. Originates from the lateral surfaces of ribs and thoracolumbar fascia Inserts on the linea alba and prepubic tendon by a wide aponeurosis

Question 28

list 1-3

Answer 28

aponeurosis linea alba prepubic tendon

Question 29

what is blue pointing to

Answer 29

Umbilicus

Question 30

what is 1? 2? 3?

Answer 30

1. linea alba 2. aponeurosis 3. prepubic tendon

Question 31

what is the line crossing through list O and I

Answer 31

Internal abdominal oblique m. ❑ Arises from the thoracolumbar fascia, ventral iliac spines and inguinal ligament ❑ Inserts on costal arch, rectus abdominis, linea alba and prepubic tendon by a wide aponeurosis

Question 32

what are the yellow arrows pointing to what is the origin/ insertion

Answer 32

Transversus abdominis m. ❑ Originates from the medial surfaces of the last 4-5 ribs and from the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae ❑ Inserts on linea alba

Question 33

what is the red arrow pointing to

Answer 33

Rectus abdominis m. **Courses between prepubic tendon and sternum and first few ribs

Question 34

Rectus sheath Formed by aponeuroses of: (3)

Answer 34

1. External abdominal oblique m. 2. Internal abdominal oblique m. 3. Transversus abdominis m

Question 35

Rectus sheath: Layers of sheath vary depending on location (3)

Answer 35

❑ Cranial to umbilicus ❑ Caudal to umbilicus ❑ Cranial to pubis

Question 36

what is circled in red

Answer 36

Inguinal canal (Perforation in the abdominal wall in the region of the inguinal region (groin))

Question 37

"Short fissure filled with connective tissue between the abdominal muscles”

Answer 37

Inguinal canal

Question 38

List the parts of the inguinal canal from top arrow to bottom

Answer 38

deep inguinal ring inguinal canal superficial inguinal ring

Question 39

◼ Extends between superficial and deep inguinal rings ◼ Passageway through the abdominal wall for several vessels and nerves what is this

Answer 39

Inguinal canal

Question 40

what is the red circle around

Answer 40

Superficial inguinal ring Slit in the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique m.

Question 41

what is being pointed to in blue? red?

Answer 41

blue: Vascular lacuna --->Passageway for vessels coursing to the pelvic limb red: Inguinal ligament