Exam 1 (items for 4 quizes)

Question 1

brachial region

Answer 1

arm

Question 2

normal range

Answer 2

range of values around the set point that do not cause a reaction by the control center

Question 3

control center

Answer 3

compares values to their normal range; deviations cause the activation of an effector

Question 4

effector

Answer 4

organ that can cause a change in a value

Question 5

sensor

Answer 5

reports a monitored physiological value to the control ce nter

Question 6

lymphatic system

Answer 6

splee, red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and tonsils

Question 7

negative feedback

Answer 7

air conditioner turning on cooling systemt to get to your desired temperature

Question 8

MRI scan disadvantages

Answer 8

high cost and the need for shielding from the magnetic signals

Question 9

thigh is one what region

Answer 9

femoral region

Question 10

respiratory system

Answer 10

larynx, trachea, and lungs

Question 11

bones are __ to the muscles

Answer 11

deep

Question 12

anatomical position

Answer 12

person stands erect, eyes are forward, thumbs are lateral to the ring fingers, feet point forward

Question 13

coronal/frontal section divides the body into

Answer 13

anterior and posterior regions

Question 14

microscopic anatomy

Answer 14

the study of very small structures of the body using magnification

Question 15

digestive organs found in the

Answer 15

abdominal cavity

Question 16

smallest units of life

Answer 16

cells

Question 17

__ combine to form organs

Answer 17

tissues

Question 18

___ bond forms between water molecules

Answer 18

hydrogen

Question 19

glucose

Answer 19

5 carbons and 1 oxygen contained within a ring

Question 20

atomic number

Answer 20

number of protons

Question 21

solute

Answer 21

the thing that is disolved

Question 22

bond that involves the sharing of electrons

Answer 22

covalent bond

Question 23

99% of human body made of four main elements

Answer 23

nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 24

basic

Answer 24

the higher the pH level the more basic

Question 25

a molecule that is mostly hydrophobic is a

Answer 25

lipid

Question 26

water and water

Answer 26

can be held together by a hyrdogen bond

Question 27

a bond that joins two amino acids

Answer 27

peptide bond

Question 28

nucleic acids are polymers of __

Answer 28

nucleotides

Question 29

lactose

Answer 29

example of a disaccharide

Question 30

most acidic

Answer 30

the lower the solution of pH (like 1 vs. 2)

Question 31

major difference between saturated and unsaturated fats

Answer 31

saturated fats are tightly packed // unsaturated fats are packed together loosely

Question 32

requires a cell to expend energy

Answer 32

active transport and endocytosis

Question 33

blood is classified as what type of tissue

Answer 33

connective tissue

Question 34

golgi apparatus

Answer 34

membrane system within the cell that serves as a modification, sorting, and sending center for cell products

Question 35

centromere

Answer 35

the name for the point at which the two halves of a duplicated chromosome are connected

Question 36

phospholipids have

Answer 36

one hydrophilic head

Question 37

what is found in all cells

Answer 37

cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA, plasma membrane

Question 38

unified cell theory

Answer 38

cell is the basic unit of life // all living things are composed of cells // all new cells arise from exisiting cells

Question 39

epithelial tissue

Answer 39

tightly packed cells, very little material in between the cells, a free surface, avascular

Question 40

organelle directly responsible for the mobility of sperm

Answer 40

flagella

Question 41

types of epithelial tissue

Answer 41

simple squamous epithelium // stratified squamous epithelium // transitional epithelium

Question 42

in the human body, the enzyme lactase breaks ___

Answer 42

lactose into glucose and galactose

Question 43

as objects get larger and larger

Answer 43

volume increases much faster than surface area. thus, cells need to stay small in order to acquire sufficient nutrients for survival

Question 44

central dogma states that

Answer 44

DNA encodes RNA, then RNA encodes protein

Question 45

organelle that performs photosynthesis in order to create sugars

Answer 45

chloroplast

Question 46

energy transfers and transformations in living systems are always inefficient because energy is lost in the form of __

Answer 46

heat

Question 47

most dangerous type of skin cancer

Answer 47

melanoma

Question 48

what increases surface contact between the epidermis and dermis

Answer 48

dermal papilla

Question 49

sebaceous glands

Answer 49

are associated with hair follicles

Question 50

portion of the epidermis with the highest rate of cell division (mitosis) is the

Answer 50

stratum basale

Question 51

skin graft to replace lost skin is from what type of burn

Answer 51

third-degree burn

Question 52

outermost layer of the hair

Answer 52

cuticle

Question 53

layer of skin with a granular appearance

Answer 53

stratum granulosum

Question 54

skin's response to a drop in body core temperature

Answer 54

decrease in production of sweat / decreased blood flow to the papillary layers of the skin / a switch to heat-conservation mode

Question 55

papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of

Answer 55

connective tissue

Question 56

cells that would help get rid of the bacteria from a cut that bacteria entered teh wound

Answer 56

langerhans cells

Question 57

layers of skin (top to bottom)

Answer 57

epidermis --> dermis (papillary) --> dermis (reticular) --> hypodermis