Exam 1 Module 2 Flashcards
what is primary prevention?
an intervention implemented before there is evidence of a disease or injury
what is the intent of primary prevention?
reduce or eliminate causative risk factors (risk reduction)
what is an example of primary prevention?
encourage exercise & healthy eating to prevent individuals from becoming overweight
what is secondary prevention?
an intervention implemented after a disease has begun, but before it is symptomatic
what is the intent of secondary prevention?
early identification (through screening) & treatment
what is an example of secondary prevention?
check body mass index (BMI) at every well checkup to identify individuals who are overweight or obese
what is tertiary prevention?
an intervention implemented after a disease or injury is established
what is the intent of tertiary prevention?
prevent sequelae (stop bad things from getting worse)
what is an example of tertiary prevention?
help obese individuals lose weight to prevent progression to more severe consequences
what is a component of ACA & what does this mean?
holistic approach to care meaning hoping for “social and physical environments that promote good health for all”
when performing primary assessment in the home, what are 3 things you focus on as a community health nurse?
- focus on family as a total unit (ask “is this typical of the family as a whole?”)
- ask goal-oriented question such as “how is your family today?”
- collect data over time (will take several visits to observe full needs)
what is qualitative data & an example?
thoughts / perceptions / feelings
includes presence or absence of essential family characteristics (“is the behavior fairly typical of the family?”)
what is quantitative data & an example?
numbers
includes how often the family engages in behaviors (“does this behavior occur infrequently?”)
exercise professional judgement
the assessment is driven by the nurse’s experiences & intuition
what is the nurse’s role after a family visit?
coming up with a family diagnosis & identifying family health problems
what are 5 important considerations with a family diagnosis?
- the plan should be created with family input and collaboration
- do they agree on your dx and are they onboard with the suggested interventions?
- if we do not have buy-in, it’s difficult to proceed
- overall goal is to establish a common goal and agree on the care plan
- if the family is ready to engage = determine best teaching approach, if not = continue gathering resources and act as a counselor —> give pt time to recognize their needs and move forward with health promotion
the best approach to ensure our goals are measurable is by making what kind of goals? what do these stand for?
S = specific
M = measurable
A = attainable
R = relevant
T = time-based
give an example of a SMART goal
by the end of the home health visit, the client will be able to identify 3 ways to maintain safety in their home by discussing with this nurse and their families on strategies they will employ (with help)
when does hospice nursing begin?
after treatment has stopped and it’s clear that the person will not ultimately survive
what specific type of patients do hospice nurses care for?
terminal clients at the end of their lives
what is the goal of hospice nursing?
to improve the end of life for their clients —> reducing pain, increasing comfort, and helping the pt and their family transition through the process of dying (ensure quality of life rather than working towards a cure)
when does palliative nursing begin?
at diagnosis and at the same time as treatment (chronic and progressive med conditions)
what types of patients receive palliative care?
terminally ill patients as well as patients w chronic med conditions
what is the goal of palliative nursing / what does this type of care involve?
promote quality of life and relieve suffering —> provide and monitor pain management, help alleviate physical symptoms (ex: resp, nausea), dispense schedule meds, educate clients and families on symptom management, and the provision of emotional support for pts and their fams
