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Neuromus 1 > exam 1: neuro exam > Flashcards

exam 1: neuro exam Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

what the three parts of balance

A

static standing balance
dynamic standing balance
walking balance

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2
Q

functional skills included

A

bed mobility
STS
transfers
walking
stairs
hands and arm use

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3
Q

basic function - mental exam

A

LOC
orientation

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4
Q

complex function - mental exam

A

language
memory
sensory perception

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5
Q

meta-cognition - mental exam

A

executive functioning
self awareness

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6
Q

what is seen through the entire mental exam

A

mood and motivation

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7
Q

receptive lang

A

the pt is asked to follow commands in order to demo that they can understand the meaning of what they have heard

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8
Q

expressive lang

A

the pt performs a task that requires spontaneous speech or writing
naming objects
repeating phrases

noting the fluency and correctness of words

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9
Q

Receptive aphasia

A

when someone is able to speak well and use long sentences, but what they say may not make sense, world salad

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10
Q

Expressive aphasia

A

a condition where a person may understand speech, but they have difficulty speaking fluently themselves

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11
Q

Global aphasia

A

may only say a few words, such as “no” or “hey” or “what”, or they may speak in “stereotypies”.

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12
Q

short term memory is in what part of the brain

A

temporal lobe

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13
Q

how can you test STM

A

say three words

immediately and 5 min recall

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14
Q

where working memory and abstract reasoning stored in brain

A

frontal lobe

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15
Q

how to test abstract reasoning

A

the pt is asked to solve problem

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16
Q

restorative approaches

A

strategy training program
cognitive exercise program

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17
Q

compensatory approches

A

habit training
enviro adaptation

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18
Q

what are field cuts

A

specific regions where pt have lost the ability to see

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19
Q

near point convergence - accommodation

A

this is an auto response of the eyes to move to focus the image on the fovea of the eye

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20
Q

what can you do to look at the oculomotor reflex

A

eye movement
NPC - accommodation
movement of the upper eyelid
light reflex

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21
Q

what do you do to test the cochlear portion of VC

A

snap test and whisper test
looking at the organ of corti

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22
Q

what do you do to test the vestibular portion of VC

A

semicircular canals, utricle and saccule

gaze stabilization

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23
Q

what does horizontal and vertical VOR look at

A

pt ability to maintain stable gaze with head turns

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24
Q

what is the head impulse test looking at

A

passive vestibular-ocular reflex

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25
what are signs of a lesion to glosso and vagus
loss of taste loss of gag reflex dysphagia - pt have a hard time swallowing
26
action of vagus
motor to the pharynx and larynx, and involuntary muscle of the air ways
27
actions of glosso
sensory and taste to post 1/3 of the tongue, pharynx and soft palate
28
what do we see if there is a issue with spinal accessory
shoulder droop muscle atrophy of SCM and traps
29
what is the trigeminal system for
sensation to the face tested in the cranial nerve exam
30
spine nerve will have what kind of distribution
dermatonal distribution
31
peri nerve lesion distribution
peri nerve distribution
32
polyneuropathy
many nerves in different parts of the body are involved
33
polyneuropathy distribution
this will have a stocking and glove distribution because the longest axons are the most effected - dying back rule
34
ST is responsible for what
pain and temp
35
DCML is responsible for what
JPS vibration kinesthesia
36
what is stereognosis
the mental perception of depth or three-dimensionality by the senses usually in reference to the ability to perceive the form of solid objects by touch.
37
what is testing in cortical discrimination
stereognosis two-point discrimination touch localization
38
superficial sensations
pain perception temp awarness
39
deep senses
JPS vibration kinesthesia
40
what is graphesthesia
the ability to recognize symbols when they're traced on the skin
41
what makes up the motor cortex
primary cortex premotor cortex supplemental motor areas
42
subcortical nuclei
BG dorsal thalamus red nucleus vestibular nuclei reticular nuclei
43
cortical-spinal tract - main influence
motor neurons that innervate muscles of distal extremities motor neuron in the lateral part of the ventral horn
44
CST collaterals
modulate and control the indirect BS motor centers that axial and antigravity neurons this allows for the right amount of supporting tone
45
what is the direct pathway for motor control
the CST
46
what is the indirect pathway for motor control
brainstem motor control centers
47
what is the function of brainstem motor control centers
tonically activate LMN that innervate axial and antigravity muscles motor neurons that are in the medial part of the ventral horn
48
what are the three brainstem motor control centers
rubrospinal tract vestibulospinal tract recticulospinal tract
49
what are the parts of the motor
tone PROM AROM reflexes involuntary movement muscle mass
50
what are the two types of hypertonia
spasticity rigidity
51
what is dystonia
characterized by involuntary (unintended) muscle contractions that cause slow repetitive movements or abnormal postures that can sometimes be painful.
52
what is spasticity - UMN or LMN issue
UMN
53
what is spasticity due to - what pathway is affected
corticalspinal pathways in the cere, BS, or motor pathways in the SC
54
rigidity - presents as
resistance to passive movements
55
rigidity is often seen with what
parkinsons
56
hypotonia is seen with LMN or UMN issue and
LMN vetsibular center cere
57
can muscle strength alone tell you about motor function
no
58
movement coordination deficits due to hypokinesia
altered movement timing and amount
59
what are action tremors
tremors that are exaggerated at the end of voluntary movement can be present at the start or through the entire movement the tremor with often go away when the affected body part is at rest
60
fasciculations
muscle twitch
61
fasciculations are caused by
ant horn cell and motor unit firing without a stimulus can see but do not move the joint
62
fibrillation
small firing of a muscle fiber seen with an EMG this is a sign of a patho signs of neuropathy
63
balance core outcomes
BERG FGA ABC
64
deficit in a peripheral vestibular nerve and ocular movements
A deficit in a peripheral vestibular nerve WILL NOT present with abnormal oculomotor function
65
An abnormality in oculomotor function is indicative of what kind of involvement
central involvement
66
Dysarthria
difficulty speaking because the muscles you use for speech are weak
67
Dysphagia
swallowing difficulties.
68
cere and ocular movement
the cere fine tunes eye movements
69
role of the dorsal oculomotor vermis (OMV)
receives information about performance during saccades and adjusts as needed to assure the saccade arrives on target
70
OMV lesions lead to what
hypometric and hypermetric saccades
71
are imparied sacccades a central or peri sign
central sign
72
three systems that contribute to balance
visual, vestibular, and sensory
73
what outcome can you use to look at static balance
Berg m-CTSIB mini-best
74
what outcome can you use to look at dynamic balance
BERG mini-BEST standing reach
75
is a ball toss dynamic or static balance
dynamic
76
push and release test - static or dynamic balance
static balance
77
weight shifting - static or dynamic
dynamic
78
Timed walking tests
Timed Up and Go (TUG) * 10 Meter Walk Test (10mWT) * Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT)

Neuromus 1 (15 decks)

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