Exam 1 Review

Question 1

What can be used to identify which cell is the presynaptic neuron in a micrograph of a synapse?
A) vesicles
B) axon hillock
C) voltage gated Na channels
D) dendritic spines
E) Nissl bodies

Answer 1

A) vesicles

Question 2

Visual info from the optic nerve is processed by which nucleus of the diencephalon?

Answer 2

lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)

Question 3

Unconscious proprioception is relayed to the cerebellum by which spinal nucleus?

Answer 3

dorsal nucleus of Clarke

Question 4

The white matter of the cerebellum is known as _________?

Answer 4

arbor vitae

Question 5

The primary visual cortex is located on the _________ lobe?

Answer 5

occipital

Question 6

The spinal nerve exiting between vertebrae T2 and T3 is named

Answer 6

T2

Question 7

______ is located within the central canal

Answer 7

CSF

Question 8

Where is the caudal end of the spinal cord located in a newborn?

Answer 8

L3

Question 9

Which brain region controls hunger and thirst?

Answer 9

hypothalamus

Question 10

Oligodendrocytes differ from schwann cells in that…

Answer 10

each oligodendrocyte forms multiple myelin sheaths, whereas each schwann cell forms only one myelin sheath

Question 11

What are the 2 enlargements called in the spinal cord?

Answer 11

cervical and lumbosacral enlargement

Question 12

This spinal nuclear group is the site of first order sensory processing and receives input from nociceptive afferents and collaterals from large diameter afferents

Answer 12

substantia gelatinosa

Question 13

A typical peripheral mixed nerve includes all of the following except:
A) sensory axons
B) connective tissue
C) motor axons
D) schwann cells
E) astrocytes

Answer 13

E) astrocytes

Question 14

A patient with multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disorder, is loosing myelin in her thalamus and cerebellum, which cells are being effected?

Answer 14

oligodendrocytes

Question 15

Where would you find the red nucleus (rubrio, rubral)?

Answer 15

midbrain

Question 16

As you look at the map of the sensory homunculus, which body region is represented most laterally?

Answer 16

face

Question 17

The gap between 2 adjacent myelin segments along an axon is called a ______

Answer 17

node

Question 18

The precentral gyrus of the cerebrum is functionally known as the _______________

Answer 18

primary motor cortex

Question 19

Teledondria are part of __________

Answer 19

an axon

Question 20

Striatum or striatal is used to describe which brain region?

Answer 20

basal nuclei

Question 21

The volume of gray matter in the spinal cord varies at each level, where has the largest ventral and dorsal horns?

Answer 21

L2

Question 22

Golgi type I neurons can be described as ________?

Answer 22

long multipolar neurons

Question 23

The dorsal horn of the spinal gray matter is composed of?

Answer 23

Lamina I-VI

Question 24

The synaptic communication where 2 different simultaneous stimuli are needed for a depolarization is called _______________

Answer 24

spatial summation

Question 25

The marginal zone is also known as ______________

Answer 25

lamina I

Question 26

Ventral roots contain _____________

Answer 26

motor axons

Question 27

A bundle of axons in the PNS containing both afferent and efferent fibers

Answer 27

nerve

Question 28

The basal nuclei belong to the (which brain region)?

Answer 28

cerebrum

Question 29

T/F: myelinated and unmyelinated axons appear as gray matter in the CNS

Answer 29

false

Question 30

From info shared in lecture, give a reason Dr. Attaway does not like neuroglia being described as glue

Answer 30

pick one: -maintain ionic composition around neurons (homeostasis) -modulate the rate of propagation (myelination) -modulate synaptic transmission and neurotransmitter uptake -guide neuronal development and axon outgrowth -form synaptic connections -aid or impede neural injury -form BBB -provide an interface between brain and immune system -regulate interstitial fluid flow -clean and remove debris through phagocytosis -act as stem cells- can differentiate and divide

Question 31

This type of neuron is _______________

Answer 31

bipolar

Question 32

Which of the following would you find on the dorsal surface of the mesencephalon? A) cerebral peduncles B) inferior colliculus C) middle cerebellar peduncle D) gracile tubercle E) decussation of pyramids

Answer 32

B) inferior colliculus

Question 33

Pyramids contain ______________?

Answer 33

motor pathways

Question 34

Cranial nerves are classified as part of the CNS, PNS, or both?

Answer 34

PNS

Question 35

The caudal equina is defined as _________?

Answer 35

a bundle of spinal nerves

Question 36

What are the components of a reflex arc in order?

Answer 36

1) stimulus 2) receptor 3) sensory neuron 4) interneuron 5) motor neuron 6) effector 7) response

Question 37

Which of the following nuclei of the diencephalon is involved in memory consolidation? A) paraventricular B) dorsomedial C) mammillary D) arcuate E) supraoptic

Answer 37

C) mammillary

Question 38

This type of glial cell aids in the transfer of energy producing molecules from the bloodstream to the neuron

Answer 38

astrocyte

Question 39

Which area of the intermediate zone is found in spinal segments T1-L2 in the small lateral horn and contains neurons that give rise to the preganglionic sympathetic efferent fibers? A) dorsal root ganglion B) nucleus proprius C) intermediolateral cell column D) lateral funiculus E) sympathetic trunk

Answer 39

C) intermediolateral cell column

Question 40

The terms soma and perikaryon refer to the

Answer 40

cell body

Question 41

A funiculus (funiculi) is another term for

Answer 41

column

Question 42

Which of the following glial cell is able to move among neurons? A) microglia B) astrocytes C) satelite cells D) ependymal cells E) Schwann cells

Answer 42

A) microglia

Question 43

In the CNS there are most of these type of neuroglia-

Answer 43

astrocytes

Question 44

Which lamina relays motor output to the viscera, giving rise to the efferent ANS

Answer 44

VII

Question 45

The vestibulospinal tract is __________

Answer 45

motor

Question 46

Which of the following terms describes a bundle of axons that also has a structural or supportive role? A) lemniscus B) peduncle C) commissual D) funiculus E) fasiculus

Answer 46

B) peduncle