Exam 2 Review

Question 1

The axons that innervate the tunica media are _______ axons

Answer 1

GVE

Question 2

The lateral spinothalamic tract is for transmitting info on _________?

Answer 2

pain and temp

Question 3

Which of the following is true for a postganglionic neuron?
A) is the first part of the autonomic pathway
B) releases neurotransmitters at the effector
C) its axon leaves via cranial nerves
D) has large myelinated axons
E) has its cell body in the CNS (brain or spinal cord)

Answer 3

B) releases neurotransmitters at the effector

Question 4

Cranial placodes are ….?

Answer 4

thickenings of neuroectoderm adjacent to neural crest

Question 5

Lamellar corpuscles are often called ____________?

Answer 5

pacinian

Question 6

The neural tube eventually becomes the __________?

Answer 6

brain and spinal cord

Question 7

Visceral mechano and baroreceptors transmit to the CNS via

Answer 7

GVA

Question 8

Which event below occurs first in development?
A) glia begin myelinating
B) cervical and cephalic flexures appear
C) ANS is formed
D) telencephalon enlarges and widens

Answer 8

B) cervical and cephalic flexures appear

Question 9

The brain flexure which develops between the metencephalon and the myelencephalon is called the

Answer 9

pontine

Question 10

The longitudinal groove along the inner surface of the developing spinal cord is the

Answer 10

sulcus limitans

Question 11

Which process converts the bilaminar disc into the trilaminar embryonic disc consisting of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm?

Answer 11

gastrulation

Question 12

CSF is reabsorbed into dural sinuses via which mechanism?

Answer 12

through arachnoid villi

Question 13

The subarachnoid space supplies CSF to the brain parenchyma by connecting with the ________________

Answer 13

perivascular space

Question 14

Cisterns are ___________________

Answer 14

subarachnoid spaces

Question 15

Which of the following connect the arachnoid mater to the pia mater?
A) arachnoid granulation
B) cisterns
C) arachnoid trabeculae
D) meningeal diverticula

Answer 15

C) arachnoid trabeculae

Question 16

Within the 4th ventricle, the choroid plexus is located

Answer 16

over the inferior medullary velum

Question 17

The median aperture from the 4th ventricle allows CSF to move into the ___________?

Answer 17

cisterna magna

Question 18

Of the following, the structure most closely associated with the cerebellum is:
A) diencephalon
B) mesencephalon
C) telencephalon
D) metencephalon
E) myelencephalon

Answer 18

D) metencephalon

Question 19

Tactile acuity can be measured by comparing the 2 point thresholds of different parts of the body. Which of these areas would you predict to have the highest acuity?
A) finger tip
B) big toe
C) forearm
D) palm of hand
E) scalp

Answer 19

A) finger tip

Question 20

Which part of the lateral ventricle passes into the temporal lobe?

Answer 20

inferior horn

Question 21

Neural crest cells can differentiate into:

(give 2 things)

Answer 21

adrenal medulla and lens of the eye

there are more things in pp, but these are the easiest to remember

Question 22

Of the following, which developing neural vesicle will form the basal nuclei?

Answer 22

telencephalon

Question 23

The blood nerve barrier (BNB) is formed by

Answer 23

perineurium

Question 24

CSF within subarachnoid spaces can pass into the parenchyma of brain tissue by traveling along which of the following?
A) endoneurium
B) cisterns
C) perivascular spaces
D) arachnoid villi
E) dural sinuses

Answer 24

C) perivascular spaces

Question 25

Which of the following structures induces differentiation processes in the early embryo? A) lens placode B) primitive streak C) somites D) neural crest E) notochord

Answer 25

E) notochord

Question 26

T/F: the composition of CSF is the same as plasma

Answer 26

false

Question 27

_________________ transmits pain and temp

Answer 27

free nerve endings

Question 28

Which primary vesicle will form the mature thalamus?

Answer 28

prosencephalon

Question 29

Which of the following terms would we use to describe an effector innervated by both the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions? A) reciprocal innervation B) dual innervation C) multi-autonomic output D) pre-ganglionic stimulation

Answer 29

B) dual innervation

Question 30

Which of the following are ONLY found in glabrous skin? A) hair follicle receptor B) meissners C) merkels D) pacinian

Answer 30

B) meissners

Question 31

Pain and temp are transmitted from cutaneous receptors to the cortex via?

Answer 31

spinothalamic tract

Question 32

The corticospinal tract has many fibers that decussate/cross into the...

Answer 32

caudal medulla

Question 33

The primitive streak is

Answer 33

the site of involution of epiblast cells to form mesoderm

Question 34

An epidural hematoma would be located between which of the following? A) dura and pia B) cranial bone and dura C) arachnoid and pia D) dura and arachnoid E) 2 layers of the dura

Answer 34

B) cranial bone and dura

Question 35

Which system has long preganglionic axons? A) sympathetic B) parasympathetic

Answer 35

B) parasympathetic

Question 36

UMNs are located in the motor cortex and the?

Answer 36

red nucleus there are more locations in pp

Question 37

Which class of fiber innervates smooth muscle (clue: ANS)?

Answer 37

GVE

Question 38

Preganglionic fibers are classified as ____ fibers (ANS)

Answer 38

B

Question 39

In the sympathetic NS, ganglia are found?

Answer 39

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral

Question 40

Dural fold found curving under the cerebellum to the brainstem

Answer 40

falx cerebelli

Question 41

Paired passageways associated with the 4th ventricle

Answer 41

foramen of Luschka

Question 42

Which glial cell is associated with the choroid plexus?

Answer 42

ependymal cells

Question 43

A receptor for tension, stretch and distortion

Answer 43

ruffini

Question 44

A healthy typical human brain has ______ mL of CSF circulating at any given time

Answer 44

150

Question 45

Fine detailed or discriminative touch travels from the peripheral receptors to the cortex via which pathway?

Answer 45

posterior column DCML pathway

Question 46

Which class of axons would be used to bring info on hydrogen ions from viscera?

Answer 46

GVA

Question 47

Which sensory modality is transmitted the fastest?

Answer 47

proprioception

Question 48

Which part of the lateral ventricle passes into the occipital lobe?

Answer 48

posterior horn