Exam 1 study

Question 1

what is done without disease and goal is to prevent disease from occuring

Answer 1

primary prevention

Question 2

what is it called if early treatment cannot make a difference, but this can make it seem as though screening has a benefit because patients live longer after diagnosis

Answer 2

lead time bias

Question 3

what is a screening test that can rule out disease if the test is negative

Answer 3

Sensitivity

Question 4

what describes how well a study applies to patient who are NOT in the study

Answer 4

generalizability (external validity)

Question 5

what is the likelihood that a person with a positive test has the disease

Answer 5

positive productive value

Question 6

what type of vaccine is recommended for almost all newborns

Answer 6

Hepatitis B vaccine

Question 7

what is the type of vaccine that has a killed version of the organism and is safe for patients with a weakened immune system

Answer 7

inactivated vaccine

Question 8

what type of vaccine is contraindicated in pregnancy

Answer 8

live attenuated vaccine

Question 9

what type of vaccine is recommended for all adults over 50 years old

Answer 9

zoster vaccine

Question 10

what is the vaccine against tetanus

Answer 10

toxoid vaccine

Question 11

what is the first apparent sign of puberty in girls

Answer 11

breast development

Question 12

when does a girls first menstrual period occur

Answer 12

about 6 months after the female growth spurt

Question 13

the pubic hair is adult type but covers less area than in adults and has not yet spread to the medial surface of thighs, what tanner stage is this considered

Answer 13

Tanner Stage 4

Question 14

what tanner stage is the development of breast budding begin

Answer 14

tanner stage 2 breast development

Question 15

no puberty development by this age in boys is considered delayed puberty

Answer 15

14 yo

Question 16

what is done at every visit until 2 years of age

Answer 16

head circumference

Question 17

The corneal light reflex is used to help detect this in kids

Answer 17

Strabismus

Question 18

palpation of the femoral pulses during the pre-participation physical exam is done to asses what?

Answer 18

coarctation of the aorta

Question 19

what is the leading cause of death during teenage years

Answer 19

unintentional injury

Question 20

what is the screening tool used for adolescent depression

Answer 20

PHQ2

Question 21

when is HPV vaccine recommended

Answer 21

recommended in early adolescence in both males and females to prevent cancer in the cervix as well as head and neck cancer

Question 22

what part of the brain does not fully develop until the early 20s

Answer 22

prefrontal cortex

Question 23

what type of thinking is present at the beginning of adolescence

Answer 23

concrete operational

Question 24

what type of screening grades do the USPSTF recommend against

Answer 24

Grade D

Question 25

what should be done if the USPSTF grades it an A or B

Answer 25

Offer or provide service

Question 26

what is the formal tool used to assess development

Answer 26

developmental screenings

Question 27

what is the test commonly used to assess for autism

Answer 27

M-CHAT

Question 28

when should newborns be back to their birth weight

Answer 28

by 2 weeks

Question 29

what are three components of the PMH that are unique to children under 3 years old and should be routinely documented

Answer 29

prenatal history birth history newborn history

Question 30

at what point does the social smile begin

Answer 30

2 months

Question 31

when do they start looking briefly at objects

Answer 31

1 month old

Question 32

when do they begin to help dress and undress themselves

Answer 32

18 months old

Question 33

when do they begin to brush their teeth

Answer 33

4 years old

Question 34

when do they begin to look for hidden objects

Answer 34

12 months old

Question 35

when do they begin to babble

Answer 35

6 months old

Question 36

when do they begin to say 1 word other than dada or mama

Answer 36

12 months

Question 37

when are kids able to identify 2 or more body parts

Answer 37

18 months old

Question 38

when do children begin to vocalize with cooing

Answer 38

2 months

Question 39

when do they use words that are 75% inteligible to strangers

Answer 39

3 years old

Question 40

when are they able to lift their head and chest when prone

Answer 40

2 months old

Question 41

when are they able to stand without support

Answer 41

12 months

Question 42

when are they able to roll both ways

Answer 42

6 months

Question 43

when are they able to kick a ball

Answer 43

2 years old

Question 44

when are they able to pedal a trike, jump forward, child on and off a chair

Answer 44

3 years old

Question 45

what position are newborns hands

Answer 45

hands in firsts

Question 46

when are they able to use 2 finger pincer grasp

Answer 46

12 months

Question 47

when are they able to make a mark with a crayon

Answer 47

15 months

Question 48

when are they able to turn pages of books all by themselves

Answer 48

2 years

Question 49

what is the normal pulse range for a newborn

Answer 49

120-160bpm

Question 50

what is a birthmark associated with capillary-venous malformation in the eye and brain

Answer 50

port wine stain

Question 51

how many veins and arteries in a normal umbilical cord

Answer 51

two arteries, one vein

Question 52

what can a tuft of hair on the skin overlying the lumbosacral spine can be associated with

Answer 52

neural tube defect (closed spinal dysraprism)

Question 53

when is hearing loss screened

Answer 53

first 48 hours of life

Question 54

what test is used to screen for congenital heart disease

Answer 54

pulse oximetry

Question 55

how is scoliosis screened for

Answer 55

adams forward bend test

Question 56

at what age to we begin depression screenings for adolescence

Answer 56

12 years old

Question 57

what screening is no longer recommended for average risk children

Answer 57

lead screenings

Question 58

what are the 5 areas assessed with APGAR

Answer 58

heart rate respiratory muscle tone reflex irritability color/appearance